Table 2.
The effect of the 7-day high-salt diet without (HS group) or with vitamin C and E (HS+C+E group) intake on anthropometric, hemodynamic, and biochemical parameters.
| Parameter | HS Group | HS+C+E Group | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LS Diet | HS Diet | LS Diet | HS+C+E Diet | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9 ± 3.5 | 23.0 ± 3.5 | 23.4 ± 2.4 | 23.4 ± 2.4 |
| WHR | 0.78 ± 0.07 | 0.78 ± 0.07 | 0.81 ± 0.05 | 0.81 ± 0.06 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 117 ± 14 | 115 ± 15 | 116 ± 10 | 116 ± 11 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 71 ± 8 | 71 ± 7 | 71 ± 8 | 72 ± 9 |
| MAP (mmHg) | 86 ± 9 | 86 ± 9 | 86 ± 6 | 87 ± 8 |
| HR (beats per minute) | 73 ± 10 | 75 ± 10 | 73 ± 11 | 77 ± 9 |
| sodium (mmol/L) | 137 ± 3 | 138 ± 2 | 137 ± 3 | 138 ± 2 |
| potassium (mmol/L) | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | 4.2 ± 0.3 | 4.1 ± 0.2 |
| hsCRP (mg/L) | 0.6 ± 0.4 | 0.6 ± 0.2 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 1.2 ± 1.9 |
| PRA (ng/mL/h) | 5.71 ± 3.29 | 1.83 ± 1.0 * | 6.72 ± 4.40 | 2.85 ± 4.12 * |
| aldosterone (pg/mL) | 169 ± 88 | 98 ± 64 * | 214 ± 76 | 152 ± 78 * |
| 24 h urine volume (mL) | 1351 ± 428 | 1491 ± 648 | 1147 ± 485 | 1186 ± 521 |
| 24 h creatinine coefficient (µmol/24h/kg) | 198 ± 57 | 195 ± 58 | 171 ± 50 | 163 ± 63 |
| 24 h urine urea (mmol/dU) | 294 ± 127 | 298 ± 114 | 289 ± 98 | 251 ± 94 |
| 24 h sodium (mmol/dU) | 118 ± 40 | 244 ± 97 * | 118 ± 50 | 219 ± 99 * |
| 24 h potassium (mmol/dU) | 48 ± 20 | 50 ± 24 | 43 ± 14 | 41 ± 22 |
| calculated salt intake (g/day) | 6.9 ± 2.4 | 14.3 ± 5.7 * | 6.9 ± 2.9 | 13.0 ± 5.6 * |
Data are presented as average ± standard deviation (SD). HS—high-salt; LS—low-salt; HS+C+E—high-salt + vitamin C + vitamin E; BMI—body mass index; WHR—waist-to-hip ratio; SBP—systolic blood pressure; DBP—diastolic blood pressure; MAP—mean arterial pressure; HR—heart rate; hsCRP—high-sensitivity C reactive protein; PRA—plasma renin activity. * p < 0.05 difference between LS diet and HS diet or LS diet and HS+C+E diet within groups.