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. 2020 Apr 8;10:6089. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62976-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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In vivo efficacy of the ospemifene-itraconazole combination in reducing fungal burden in infected C. elegans. C. elegans strain AU37 genotype [glp-4(bn2) I; sek-1(km4) X], was infected with (a) C. albicans NR-29448, (b) C. auris 390, (c) C. neoformans NR-41298, or (d) A. fumigatus NR-35312, using an inoculum size of ~5 × 10⁷ CFU/ml for three hours at room temperature. Infected nematodes were washed with PBS and then treated with the ospemifene (5 µg/ml)-itraconazole (1 µg/ml) combination at the respective concentration. Treatment with PBS, ospemifene, or itraconazole (ITC) alone served as controls. After 24 h of treatment, worms were lysed to determine the fungal burden (CFU/worm). *Indicates a statistically significant difference between each treatment compared to the untreated control (P < 0.05). (#) indicates a statistically significant difference between the ospemifene-itraconazole combination relative to treatment with either ospemifene or itraconazole (ITC) alone (P < 0.05), as determined by a one-way ANOVA using post-hoc Dunnet’s test for multiple comparisons.