Figure 3.

Magnoflorine dose-dependently inhibits RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis without cytotoxicity. (A) The chemical structure of magnoflorine (C₂₀H₂₄NO₄, ≥98% purity, MW 342.41). (B) BMMs were treated with M-CSF (30 ng/mL), RANKL (50 ng/ml), and the indicated concentrations of magnoflorine for 5 days before they were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained for TRAP. The numbers (C) and areas (D) of TRAP‐positive osteoclasts were counted. (E) The viability of BMMs incubated with 30 ng/ml M-CSF and magnoflorine for various times was evaluated with CCK‐8 assay. Magnoflorine treatment at concentration of 200 μM did not exhibited cellular toxicity. (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001).