Table 1.

Definition of the historical parameters collected for the water buffaloes enrolled during the investigation according to Hudson et al. [39] and Toni et al. [40].

Status	Definition
DO	Average number of days from calving to conception
AB	Expulsion of a recognizable dead/non-viable fetus prior the end of normal gestation
No. AB	Number of abortions
ED	Loss of conceptus within 45 days of pregnancy
No. ED	Number of embryonic deaths
RFM	Retention of foetal membranes for more than 24 h after calving

DO: Days Open; AB: abortion; No: number; ED: embryonic death; RFM: retained foetal membranes.