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Schematic of the integrated nut-and-bolt microfluidic system for sample loading, reaction, transport, and detection. (a) Blood sample loaded in the mixing chamber of the sample cartridge from a microcapillary tube filled with capillary blood (blood sample is colored in red). (b) Sample introduced to the helical minichannel in the sample cartridge for CD4 detection by rotating the motor after the reaction process.
