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. 2020 Mar 7;8(3):380. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8030380

Figure 8.

Figure 8

Impact of cheese matrix, single-strain cheese and Emmental cheese on colonic secretion of cytokines during DSS-induced colitis. Cytokines concentration of (A) IL-10, (B) TGFβ, (C) IL-6, (D) IFNγ, (E) IL-17, (F) TNFα, (G) IL-12 and (H) IL-1β were quantified by ELISA. Data represent the mean ± SD of 6 mice per group. Groups were as follows. PBS: healthy group gavaged using PBS buffer as a sham. PBS-DSS: DSS-treated-colitis control group gavaged using PBS buffer as a sham. Cheese matrix-DSS: DSS-treated group gavaged using a germ-free dairy matrix. Single-strain cheese-DSS: DSS-treated group gavaged using an experimental single-strain cheese containing P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 as a sole bacterium. Emmental-DSS: DSS-treated group gavaged using an industrial Emmental cheese produced using P. freudenreichii CIRM-BIA 129 as a ripening starter. Multiple comparisons were performed, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 **** p < 0.0001.