Skip to main content
. 2020 Feb 27;9(3):255. doi: 10.3390/foods9030255

Table 3.

Concentrations (µg/L) determined of volatile compounds in beers by HSSE–GC–MS.

Beer Sample Lager (N = 8) Wheat (N = 4) Stout (N = 4) Ale (N = 4)
Volatile Compound Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD Mean SD
isobutyl acetate <LOQ a - 128.05 b 67.07 <LOQ a - <LOQ a -
ethyl butyrate 107.85 a 25.26 88.81 a 8.32 103.94 a 29.18 145.21 a 44.62
ethyl isovalerate 4.08 a 4.59 <LOQ - 4.01 a 2.46 2.04 a 0.96
hexanal ND - ND - ND - ND -
ethyl pentanoate 13.24 a 7.66 40.78 b 18.46 13.74 a 1.99 6.33 a 4.96
isopentyl acetate* 2.61 b 0.45 4.31 c 0.87 0.75 a 0.26 1.47 a 0.78
3-methyl-1-butanol* 51.32 a 12.37 39.82 a 17.15 38.94 a 8.18 64.89 a 24.07
ethyl hexanoate 307.14 a 259.04 64.90 a 8.01 284.65 a 247.13 361.33 a 97.23
hexyl acetate 7.33 b 3.07 6.86 ab 1.46 3.43 a 0.75 3.74 ab 0.87
octanal 5.54 a 3.02 <LOQ - 8.39 a 6.14 5.02 a 4.07
6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one 6.36 a 5.12 <LOQ - 26.22 a 27.64 12.72 a 12.32
ethyl heptanoate <LOQ - <LOQ - 12.25 a 12.74 6.02 a 4.80
1-hexanol 11.26 a 2.97 12.45 a 9.50 56.79 a 57.27 33.79 a 19.39
heptyl acetate <LOQ - 1.13 a 0.06 3.41 b 0.23 2.13 ab 1.79
nonanal ND - ND - ND - ND -
ethyl octanoate 139.08 a 52.82 103.08 a 20.90 529.03 a 514.51 762.58 a 655.03
heptanol* ND - ND - 1.25 a 1.09 4.12 b 0.71
isopentyl hexanoate 0.35 a 0.21 0.53 a 0.12 0.49 a 0.65 1.35 b 0.26
octyl acetate 5.49 b 0.62 5.25 b 0.21 4.16 a 0.04 4.37 a 0.21
benzaldehyde 7.87 a 3.12 ND - ND - 5.80 a 2.32
linalool <LOQ - ND - 100.13 a 3.45 106.42 a 26.66
isobutyric acid 6.05 a 3.28 5.66 a 0.11 <LOQ - 17.81 b 3.00
octanol 5.47 a 2.55 8.64 a 0.27 6.76 a 0.41 15.83 b 8.10
2,3-dihydrobenzofurane 3.48 a 1.66 3.23 a 0.98 3.01 a 0.62 ND -
ethyl decanoate 50.07 a 47.31 57.11 ab 5.72 66.44 ab 44.73 154.61 b 87.21
benzenoic acid ethyl ester 5.87 a 0.49 5.95 a 0.25 6.43 ab 0.53 7.17 b 0.46
1-decanol 47.28 a 23.98 <LOQ - 64.99 a 46.59 <LOQ -
phenylethyl acetate 360.93 b 98.68 378.90 b 26.03 31.31 a 20.49 141.57 a 76.76
β-damascenone 4.63 a 0.10 4.84 a 0.12 7.37 b 0.11 6.99 b 1.91
guaiacol 22.92 a 22.80 ND - 69.46 b 5.14 ND -
ethyl dodecanoate 17.38 a 19.98 2.36 a 0.51 19.13 a 11.48 11.99 a 11.93
benzopropanoic acid ethyl ester 8.51 a 3.12 4.30 a 2.40 5.77 a 3.39 15.17 b 4.94
hexanoic acid 2-phenylethyl ester <LOQ - ND - 4.87 a 5.03 3.63 a 2.13
isobutyric acid phenethyl ester 12.20 ab 2.73 9.09 a 0.79 10.26 a 2.47 15.58 b 3.57
nerolidol 380.29 ab 179.77 172.73 a 54.20 192.11 a 119.94 621.57 b 174.28
octanoic acid 199.88 ab 118.62 88.90 a 10.53 95.84 a 68.18 288.87 b 69.42
β-phenylethyl-2-methylbutyrate 3.83 a 4.76 2.69 a 1.20 <LOQ - <LOQ -

* mg/L; SD: standard deviation; ND: not detected; <LOQ: below limit of quantitation; For each compound, different letters indicate significant differences according to Tukey’s test (α = 0.05).