Table 3.
Impact of direct-fed microbials (DFM) and phytobiotic feed additives on bacterial growth after 4 h incubation of inoculated cecal samples with the donor (E. coli ESBL10682) and recipient (Salmonella Typhimurium L1219-R32) strains [log10(cfu/mL)].
| Trial Group |
E. coli ESBL10682 |
Salmonella Typhimurium L1219-R32 |
Indigenous, SXT Resistant Enterobacteriaceae 2 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control | 6.86 ± 0.48 | 7.10 ± 0.37 | 5.93 ± 0.61 abe |
| LS | 6.81 ± 0.27 | 7.04 ± 0.39 | 5.92 ± 0.52 be |
| LA | 6.90 ± 0.45 | 6.92 ± 0.47 | 5.49 ± 0.42 abcd |
| Formulation C | 6.94 ± 0.31 | 7.06 ± 0.42 | 5.50 ± 0.52 abcd |
| Formulation L | 6.91 ± 0.28 | 7.36 ± 0.24 | 6.12 ± 0.80 e |
| LS + C | 6.76 ± 0.54 | 7.21 ± 0.31 | 5.85 ± 0.49 abde |
| LS + L | 6.56 ± 0.71 | 7.14 ± 0.32 | 5.40 ± 0.64 abcd |
| LA + C | 6.49 ± 0.73 | 7.10 ± 0.37 | 5.45 ± 0.68 abcd |
| LA + L | 6.59 ± 0.53 | 7.14 ± 0.24 | 6.02 ± 0.51 e |
| p 1 | 0.317 | 0.183 | 0.002 |
1 Significant differences were determined using the Kruskal–Wallis test, 2 different letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05, Mann–Whitney test) in the abundance of indigenous, SXT resistant Enterobacteriaceae after 4 h incubation between trial groups.