. 2020 Mar 11;17(6):1811. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061811

Table 2.

Results of multiple linear regression analyses for predicting urinary levels of 8-oxodG as a function of metal exposure only (Model A) and as a function of co-exposure to metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), (Model B). Independent variables were the urinary levels of each single urinary metal in Model A, and the urinary levels of each single urinary metal plus urinary phenanthrene (U-PHE) in Model B.

Model A			Model B
Independent Variables	GMR (95% CI); p Value ^a	R²_adj^b; P ^c	Independent Variables	GMR (95% CI)_; p Value^a	R²_adj^b; P ^c
V	0.82 (0.58–1.18); 0.282	0.04; 0.155	V	0.87 (0.62–1.23); 0.430	0.11; 0.017
V	0.82 (0.58–1.18); 0.282	0.04; 0.155	U-PHE	2.42 (1.28–4.58); 0.007	0.11; 0.017
Cr	1.44 (0.93–2.21); 0.100	0.05; 0.087	Cr	1.40 (0.46–2.13); 0.110	0.13; 0.008
Cr	1.44 (0.93–2.21); 0.100	0.05; 0.087	U-PHE	2.44 (1.30–4.57); 0.006	0.13; 0.008
Mn	1.88 (1.25–2.85); 0.003	0.12; 0.007	Mn	1.61 (1.04–2.50); 0.033	0.15; 0.004
Mn	1.88 (1.25–2.85); 0.003	0.12; 0.007	U-PHE	1.90 (0.97–3.70); 0.059	0.15; 0.004
Co	1.45 (0.95–2.21); 0.085	0.06; 0.079	Co	1.37 (0.91–2.07); 0.128	0.13; 0.009
Co	1.45 (0.95–2.21); 0.085	0.06; 0.079	U-PHE	2.38 (1.27–4.47); 0.008	0.13; 0.009
Ni	1.36 (0.75–2.43); 0.306	0.03; 0.162	Ni	1.31 (0.74–2.30); 0.348	0.11; 0.016
Ni	1.36 (0.75–2.43); 0.306	0.03; 0.162	U-PHE	2.46 (1.30–4.63); 0.006	0.11; 0.016
Cu	1.41 (0.80–2.49); 0.234	0.04; 0.141	Cu	1.32 (1.32–2.28); 0.323	0.11; 0.015
Cu	1.41 (0.80–2.49); 0.234	0.04; 0.141	U-PHE	2.42 (1.28–4.57); 0.007	0.11; 0.015
Zn	1.79 (1.16–2.75); 0.009	0.10; 0.017	Zn	1.61 (1.05–2.48); 0.029	0.15; 0.003
Zn	1.79 (1.16–2.75); 0.009	0.10; 0.017	U-PHE	2.17 (1.16–4.08); 0.016	0.15; 0.003
total As	1.52 (1.08–2.13); 0.016	0.09; 0.025	As	1.47 (1.84–2.04); 0.021	0.16; 0.003
total As	1.52 (1.08–2.13); 0.016	0.09; 0.025	U-PHE	2.36 (1.28–4.38); 0.007	0.16; 0.003
Cd	1.38 (0.92–2.07); 0.114	0.06; 0.080	Cd	1.36 (1.84–2.04); 0.121	0.12; 0.010
Cd	1.38 (0.92–2.07); 0.114	0.06; 0.080	U-PHE	2.35 (1.28–4.38); 0.009	0.12; 0.010
Ba	1.41 (0.96–2.07); 0.081	0.06; 0.077	Ba	1.45 (1.00–2.09); 0.048	0.14; 0.005
Ba	1.41 (0.96–2.07); 0.081	0.06; 0.077	U-PHE	2.58 (1.38–4.80); 0.003	0.14; 0.005
Tl	1.82 (1.17–2.84); 0.008	0.10; 0.016	Tl	1.74 (1.13–2.67); 0.012	0.17; 0.002
Tl	1.82 (1.17–2.84); 0.008	0.10; 0.016	U-PHE	2.33 (1.26–4.31); 0.008	0.17; 0.002
Pb	1.73 (1.07–2.81); 0.027	0.08; 0.037	Pb	1.62 (1.01–2.59); 0.046	0.14; 0.004
Pb	1.73 (1.07–2.81); 0.027	0.08; 0.037	U-PHE	2.32 (1.24–4.34); 0.009	0.14; 0.004

GMR = geometric mean ratio. ^a = p values represent significance of each predictive variable. ^b = R²_adj values represent the adjusted coefficient of determination for the linear regression model. ^c = P values represent the significance of the linear regression model.