Figure 1.

Heat maps of the predominant bacterial genera detected from the soil samples incubated under aerobic (A) and anaerobic (B) conditions. Pesticides-treated irrigated soil samples were collected from the unexposed, pesticide-exposed, and residual exposure areas and incubated for 24 h under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and analyzed for bacterial diversity. DNA was extracted and analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Genera were excluded from the heat map if the greatest relative frequency among the samples was less than 0.5%. Obligate anaerobic genera were excluded from the aerobic heat map, and obligate aerobic genera were excluded from the anaerobic heat map. Genera were sorted by greatest sample-wide frequency to lowest sample-wide frequency.