Table 3.

Relationship between PHI prevalence and social health insurance(SHI) system expansion ¹.

Ref. ID	Study Period	PHI Indicator	SHI Indicator	SHI Schemes 2	Sample	Correlation
	Aggregate Level Evidence
[47]	2007–2013	Income	Percentage of enrolees	All	Mixed	Positive
[50]	2002–2007	Income	Percentage of enrolees	All	Mixed	Positive
[51]	2000–2007	Income	Fund income	UEBMI & URBMI	Mixed	Positive
[52]	2002–2009	Income	Fund income	UEBMI	Mixed	Positive
[53]	2003–2012	Income	Average compensation	UEBMI & URBMI	Mixed	Positive
[54]	2005–2010	Income	Fund income	All	Mixed	Positive
[55]	2005–2011	Compound index 3	Compound index 4	NCMS	Mixed	Positive
	Individual Level Evidence
[32]	2000,2004,2006	Enrolment	Enrolment	Urban schemes	Urban	Positive
[46]	2006	Enrolment	Enrolment	NCMS	Rural	Positive
[42]	1989–2009	Enrolment	Enrolment	All	Mixed	Negative
[41]		Enrolment	Enrolment	All	Mixed	Negative
	2011, 2013				Urban	Negative
					Rural	Neutral
[40]	2004–2011	Enrolment	Enrolment	URBMI	Urban	Neutral
[14]	2011	Enrolment	Enrolment	NCMS	Adult	Positive
					Child	Negative
[49]	2004, 2006, 2009	Enrolment	Enrolment	NCMS	Rural	Negative
						Positive

¹ If unspecified, all presented positive or negative correlations passed the significance test, otherwise neutral correlation was reported. ² UEBMI = Urban Employees’ Basic Medical Insurance; URBMI = Urban Residents’ Basic Medical Insurance; NCMS = New Cooperative Medical Scheme. ³ Index generated by income, expenditure, claim ratio, etc. ⁴ Index generated by income, expenditure, ratio of income and expenditure, etc.