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. 2020 Mar 13;17(6):1881. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17061881

Table 1.

Sociodemographic Characteristics between Hearing Loss Cases and Controls.

Variables Case (n = 817) Control (n = 817) p
Age, years 55.93 (8.99) 55.91 (9.03) 0.231
Sex (males), n (%) 411 (50.3) 411 (50.3) 1.000
RTL, median (P25–P75) 0.92 (0.71–1.15) 0.97 (0.75–1.22) 0.004
Hypertension, n (%) 268 (32.8) 148 (18.1) <0.001
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) 64 (7.8) 31 (3.8) 0.001
Diabetes, n (%) 51 (6.2) 23 (2.8) 0.001
Hypercholesterolemia, n (%) 30 (3.7) 15 (1.8) 0.025
Lead (log-transformed), µg/dL 1.59 (0.16) 1.59 (0.16) 0.845
Cadmium (log-transformed), µg/L 0.51 (0.18) 0.50 (0.16) 0.043

Abbreviations: RTL, relative telomere length; Note: data of lead and cadmium are presented as mean (SD) based on the distribution of log-transformed. Wilcoxon signed-rank test for quantitative data with non-normal distribution (RTL). Paired t-test for quantitative data with normal distribution (age, lead and cadmium). McNemar test for qualitative data (sex, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia) in the paired design.