Table 5.

Summary and possible practical implications of the studies analysed with regard to technical–tactical fundamentals.

Variables	Modifications	Effect	Possible Implications
Number of players	Lower number of players	Increased ball contact per player	Take it into account when working on individual technical aspects (e.g., pass, dribble).
	Higher number of players	Increased number of long passes	The number of players can be increased in order to work on this aspect, both during the offensive and defensive phases.
Size of pitch area	Greater playing area	Larger area occupied by the team and greater distances among players	Increasing the pitch area fosters collective tactical behaviour and game knowledge.
	Smaller playing area	Higher number of technical actions and reduced possession	Coaches can make a training progression to work on individual playing.
Playing rules	Limited number of ball contacts	Higher number of shots due to a faster playing pattern	Design a progression of increasing difficulty to work on play finishing.
	Minimum number of passes required before shooting	Greater possession, players’ involvement and number of passes	Coaches can manipulate this rule to work on more positional than direct attacking sequences.
	Limited dribbling	Higher number of passes and interceptions	This can be used to improve the pass, as well as the defending action to prevent it.
	Keeping possession	More positional attacks, greater use of the area next to the touch lines and higher number of ball contacts per player	Take this rule into account to work on players’ spatial organisation and to increase participation.
	Different ways of scoring	Enhanced ball recovery, possession and advancement with ball	Depending on the way of scoring, different training fundamentals can be worked on.
Duration	Continuous/Intermittent	Continuous playing seems to affect some technical–tactical elements	More studies are needed to provide more data in this regard.
Coach	Presence	Uncomfortable atmosphere that may affect decision making	It is important to know that the coach’s presence may affect the player.