1. Pain scales.
| Pain scale | Population | Type of pain |
| ABC pain scale (Bellieni 2005)a | Preterm and term infants | Procedural pain |
| Astrid Lindgren and Lund Children's Hospitals Pain and Stress Assessment Scale for Preterm and sick Newborn Infants (ALPS‐Neo) (Lundqvist 2014) | Preterm and term infants | Prolonged pain/stress |
| Behavioral Indicators of Infant Pain (BIIP) (Holsti 2008) | Preterm infants | Procedural pain |
| Comfort Neo (van Dijk 2009) | Preterm and term infants | Postoperative and prolonged pain/stress |
| CRIES (Krechel 1995) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural and postoperative pain |
| Douleur Aiguë du Nouveau‐né (DAN) (Acute Pain in Newborn infants, APN, English version) (Carbajal 1997) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural pain |
| Echelle Douleur Incomfort Nouveau‐né (EDIN) (Debillon 2001) | Preterm infants | Prolonged pain |
| 'Faceless' Acute Neonatal pain Scale (FANS) (Milesi 2010) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural pain |
| Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS) (Grunau 1998; Peters 2003) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural, postoperative and prolonged pain/stress |
| Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) (Lawrence 1993) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural pain |
| Neonatal Pain, Agitation, and Sedation Scale (N‐PASS) (Hummel 2008; Hummel 2010) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural, postoperative and prolonged pain/stress |
| Pain Assessment Tool (PAT) (Hodgkinson 1994; Spence 2005) | Preterm and term infants | Postoperative and prolonged pain/discomfort |
| Preterm Infant Pain Profile (PIPP and PIPP‐R) (Gibbins 2014; Stevens 1996) | Preterm and term infants | Procedural and postoperative pain |
aPublication of development or validation, or both, within parentheses.