Table 3.
Predictors of multiple tobacco products use among current product users in Japan.
| Variables | Adjusted ORs * (95% CI) | P † |
|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.012 | |
| Male | 1.55 (1.09–2.20) | |
| Female | 1 (reference) | |
| Age group (years) | <0.001 | |
| 15–24 | 1.16 (0.61–2.21) | |
| 25–34 | 2.17 (1.55–3.02) | |
| 35–44 | 1 (reference) | |
| 45–54 | 0.83 (0.57–1.21) | |
| 55–64 | 0.67 (0.44–1.03) | |
| 65–71 | 0.65 (0.31–1.36) | |
| Marital status | 0.002 | |
| Married | 1 (reference) | |
| Never married | 0.86 (0.64–1.16) | |
| Widowed/divorced | 0.37 (0.19–0.69) | |
| Education | 0.182 | |
| Junior high school | 1.73 (1.05–2.86) | |
| High school | 1.03 (0.76–1.39) | |
| Technical school or junior college | 1.04 (0.70–1.54) | |
| University (4 years or more) | 1 (reference) | |
| Self-rated health | 0.371 | |
| Good | 0.86 (0.66–1.13) | |
| Middle | 1 (reference) | |
| Poor | 1.16 (0.73–1.83) | |
| Workplace indoor smoking ban status | 0.001 | |
| No ban (including smoking room/corner) | 1.79 (1.12–2.87) | |
| Complete ban | 1 (reference) | |
| Not working/did not know | 0.83 (0.44–1.54) | |
| Risk perception of cigarettes | 0.657 | |
| Yes (perceived risk) | 1 (reference) | |
| No (did not perceive risk) | 0.93 (0.68–1.27) | |
| Risk perception of e-cigarettes/HTPs | <0.001 | |
| No (perceived risk) | 1 (reference) | |
| Yes (did not perceive risk) | 1.47 (1.12–1.92) | |
| Did not know e-cigarettes/HTPs | 0.43 (0.24–0.79) |
* Adjusted for all listed variables. † P for difference. Boldface indicates statistical significance of p < 0.05.