Table 2. PhCH3 Oxidation Depending on Initial Reaction Mixture Composition and Nature of Oxidant.
| VO(acac)2 | Co(acac)2 | OxalH | NHPI | selectivity (mol %) |
TON |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| entry | ×103 (M) | ΔPhCH3% | PhC(O)H | PhCH2OH | peroxidesd | by cation | by NHPI | ΔH2O2b (%) | EffH2O2c (%) | |||
| H2O2-Piloted Oxidationa | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 0.06 | 15 | 1.6 | 86 | 14 | u/d | 350 | - | 37 | 4 | ||
| 2 | 0.06 | 15 | 6 | 1.3 | 89 | 11 | u/d | 300 | 3 | 30 | 4 | |
| 3 | 0.3 | 15 | 2.0 | 86 | 14 | u/d | 93 | - | 50 | 4 | ||
| 4 | 0.3 | 6 | <0.1 | trace | 0 | 0 | <1 | <1 | 10 | 0 | ||
| 5 | 0.3 | 6 | <0.1 | trace | 0 | 0 | <1 | <1 | 8 | 0 | ||
| O2-Piloted Oxidatione | ||||||||||||
| 6 | 0.3 | 6 | 5.0 | 94 | 6 | 0 | 233 | 12 | ||||
| 7 | 0.3 | 15 | 6 | 2.3 | 94 | 6 | 0 | 110 | 5.5 | |||
| 8 | 0.3 | 6 | 10.7 | 90 | 10 | 0 | 500 | 25 | ||||
| 9 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 6 | 9.0 | 89 | 11 | 0 | 420 | 21 | |||
| 10 | 0.075 | 0.075 | 6 | 10.4 | 92 | 8 | 0 | 973 | 24 | |||
| 11 | 0.037 | 0.037 | 6 | 10.0 | 90 | 10 | 0 | 1867 | 23 | |||
| 12 | 0.020 | 0.020 | 6 | 6.7 | 93 | 7 | 0 | 1247 | 15 | |||
| 13 | 0.037 | 6 | 1.1 | 99 | 1 | 0 | 432 | 3 | ||||
| 14 | 0.075 | 6 | 11.0 | 92 | 8 | 0 | 2053 | 26 | ||||
| 15f | 0.3 | 6 | 2.4 | 91 | 9 | u/d | 11 | 5 | 100 | |||
[PhCH3]0 = [H2O2]0 = 1.4 M; 40 °C, 1 atm, MeCN, 5 h.
Amount of H2O2 consumed.
EffH2O2 is the ratio of stoichiometric (due to the product yield) amount of H2O2 divided by the H2O2 consumed.
Peroxides content was tracked by treating the samples with Ph3P (see the Experiments section). u/d—content undetected.
[PhCH3]0 (1.4 M), O2 bubbling (100 mL min–1), total reaction volume = 50 mL, 100 °C, 10 atm, 5 h, MeCN, stainless steel reactor. ΔPhCH3 (substrate conversion) corresponds to the product yield due to almost 100% process selectivity.
[PhCH3]0 = 1.4 M, [H2O2]0 = 0.14 M. Only traces of products were detected when OxalH was presented in Co(acac)2-catalyzed oxidation by O2 (100 °C, 10 atm). No products formed in a detectable amount in the absence of neither OxalH nor NHPI regardless of the catalyst and oxidant used. The combination of either VO(acac)2 or Co(acac)2 with NHPI in oxidation by H2O2 eliminates the advantages of the latter mediator developed in O2-driven processes (run 14).