Tabla 3.
Etiología de los principales síndromes víricos.
| Tejido | Enfermedad | Virus |
|---|---|---|
| Cardíaco | Miocarditis, pericarditis | ADV, enterovirus, virus de la gripe, metaneumovirus |
| Cutáneo |
Exantema maculopapular | ADV, enterovirus, VHH-6, virus del sarampión, parvovirus B19, virus rubeola |
| Exantema vesicular | Enterovirus, VHS, poxvirus, VVZ | |
| Fetal, neonato | CMV, VHB, VIH, parechovirus tipo 3, parvovirus B19, virus rubeola | |
| Gastrointestinal | Diarrea | ADV tipos 40 y 41, astrovirus, CMV, norovirus, parechovirus, rotavirus |
| Hepatitis | ADV, CMV, VEB, VHA, VHB, VHC, VHD, VHE | |
| Parotiditis | ADV, CMV, enterovirus, VEB, VHH-6, VIH, virus parotiditis, virus parainfluenza | |
| Hematopoyético | Anemias | Parvovirus B19 |
| Linfomas | VEB, VIH, virus de leucemia de células T humanas | |
| Ocular | Conjuntivitis | ADV, enterovirus, VHH-6, virus sarampión, parvovirus B19, virus rubeola |
| Coriorretinitis | CMV, VHS, VVZ | |
| Queratoconjuntivitis | ADV, VHS, VVZ | |
| Respiratorio | Bronquiolitis | ADV, enterovirus, coronavirus, metaneumovirus, virus de la gripe, virus parainfluenza, VRS, rinovirus |
| Crup | Metaneumovirus, virus de la gripe, virus parainfluenza, rinovirus, VRS | |
| Faringitis | ADV, CMV, VEB, enterovirus, VHS, coronavirus, VRS | |
| Neumonía | ADV, CMV, hantavirus, VHS, coronavirus, metaneumovirus, virus de la gripe, virus parainfluenza, rinovirus, VRS, VVZ | |
| Rinitis | ADV, coronavirus, enterovirus, metaneumovirus, virus de la gripe, virus parainfluenza, rinovirus, VRS | |
| SNC | Encefalitis | Arbovirus, CMV, VEB, virus de fiebres hemorrágicas, VHS, VIH, virus sarampión, virus parotiditis, virus rabia, parechovirus, VVZ |
| Leucoencefalopatía multiforme progresiva | Virus JC | |
| Meningitis | Arbovirus, enterovirus, VHS, virus coriomeningitis linfocitaria, virus sarampión, parechovirus | |
| Urogenital | Cervicitis | ADV, VHS |
| Cistitis hemorrágica | ADV tipo 11, virus BK | |
| Molluscum contagiosum | Poxvirus | |
| Uretritis, herpes genital | VHS, VVZ | |
| Verrugas genitales, carcinoma | Papilomavirus |
ADV: adenovirus; CMV: citomegalovirus; VEB: virus de Epstein-Barr; VHA: virus de la hepatitis A; VHB: virus de la hepatitis B; VHC: virus de la hepatitis C; VHD: virus de la hepatitis D; VHE: virus de la hepatitis E; VHH-6: virus herpes humano tipo 6; VHS: virus del herpes simple; VIH: virus de inmunodeficiencia humana; VRS: virus respiratorio sincitial; VVZ: virus de la varicela zoster.