Table A5.
Custom tags.
| Tag | Example (Dutch) | Construct |
|---|---|---|
| Emotional expressions | sniff, sob, cry, sigh, cough (snif, snik, huil, zucht, kuch) | Affect, Emotions |
| Additive connectives/ Conjunctions |
and, also, in addition, besides, not only … but also, moreover, further (en, ook, daarbij, daarnaast, niet alleen … maar ook, verder, voorts) | Cohesion |
| Comparative connectives/conjunctions | -Comparison: like, as if, except (zoals, alsof, behalve) -Contradiction: (even) though, although, despite, in spite of, without ((al)hoewel, ofschoon, ondanks dat, zonder dat) -Condition: if, in case, provided, unless (als, indien, mits, tenzij) -Between sentences: and, or, but, neither, however, nor (en, of, maar, doch, edoch, noch) |
Cohesion |
| Temporal connectives/conjunctions | -Time: when, if, while, once, before, for, now, then, after, afterwards, before (wanneer, als, terwijl, zodra, voordat, voor, nu, toen, nadat, nadien, vooraleer) -Duration: as long as, until, since, as, according as (zolang als, totdat, sinds, sedert, naarmate, naargelang) |
Cohesion |
| Causal connectives/conjunctions | Cause/effect/reason/purpose words: because, so, so … that, whereby, for, for that, therefore, that, since, if … then, by, in case (doordat, zodat, zo … dat, waardoor, omdat, opdat, daarom, dat, aangezien, als … dan, door, in geval) | Cohesion |
| Adverbial adverbs | -Connecting: moreover, likewise, nor, also, besides, even, therewith (bovendien, eveneens, evenmin, ook, tevens, zelfs, daarbij) -Contradicting: on the other hand, nevertheless, nonetheless, however, though, on the contrary, meanwhile, yet, now (daarentegen, des(al)niettemin, desondanks, echter, evenwel, integendeel, intussen, nochtans, niettemin, nu, toch) -Consequential: consequently, therefore, thus, hence, because of (bijgevolg, derhalve, deswege, dus, dientengevolge) -Other: at least, after all, by the way, besides, yet (althans, immers, overigens, trouwens, toch) |
Cohesion |
| Temporal juncture | ‘then’ (dan) | Cohesion |
| Definite articles | ‘the’ (de, het) | Cohesion |
| Confusion | Don’t know, don’t get it, don’t understand, don’t remember (weet (het) niet, snap(te) (het) niet, begrij(ee)p (het) niet, herinner (me) niet, niet herinneren) | Avoidance, Organization |
| Speech fillers | Uh, hmm, hmm-m, so, like, but, anyway, well (dus, ofzo, enzo, zeg maar, soort van, oke, he, weet je, toch, nou ja) | Fragmentation |
| Revisions | Fragments: -word, word- | Fragmentation |
| Function words | Function word list for Dutch (van Wijk & Kempen, 1980) | Fragmentation |
Connectives and conjunctions derived from grammar overviews by online Dutch NT2 providers:
http://www.openleercentrum.com/Nederlands/Staatsexamen/STEX%201/stex%20I%20schrijven/voegwoorden.doc.