Table 1.
Baseline demographics of sample population, both for the unadjusted and propensity matched groups.
| Unadjusted |
Propensity matched |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Medical | CDL | p-Value | Medical | CDL | p-Value | |
| 240 | 99 | 99 | 99 | |||
| Demographics and clinical characteristics | ||||||
| Gender | 0.51 | 0.13 | ||||
| Male | 121 (50.42%) | 46 (46.46%) | 57 (57.58%) | 46 (46.46%) | ||
| Female | 119 (49.58%) | 53 (53.54%) | 42 (42.42%) | 53 (53.54%) | ||
| Age | 66 (18.0–100) | 60.0 (19.0–92.0) | 0.143 | 59 (18.0–84) | 58 (19.0–92.0) | 0.89 |
| History of cancer | 72 (30.83%) | 12 (12.12%) | 0.0003 | 15 (15.15%) | 12 (12.12%) | 0.53 |
| CHF | 20 (8.33%) | 4 (4.04%) | 0.161 | 2 (2.02%) | 4 (4.04%) | 0.41 |
| CAD | 34 (14.17%) | 10 (10.1%) | 0.31 | 13 (13.13%) | 10 (10.10%) | 0.51 |
| Chronic lung disorder | 55 (22.92%) | 12 (12.12%) | 0.023 | 22 (22.22%) | 12 (12.12%) | 0.06 |
| Pregnant/postpartum (8 wk) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | * | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | * |
| Hypercoaguable condition | 5 (2.56%) | 3 (8.11%) | 0.0984 | 2 (2.44%) | 3 (8.11%) | 0.15 |
| HIT | 2 (0.83%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.36 | 1 (0.%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.316 |
| Prior DVT/PE | 39 (19.50%) | 14 (19.18%) | 0.95 | 23 (27.06%) | 14 (19.18%) | 0.24 |
| AC as outpatient | 15 (7.89%) | 2(5.41%) | 0.59 | 8 (9.76%) | 2 (5.41%) | 0.43 |
| Vitals | ||||||
| HR | 105 (58.0–166) | 107 (10.0–155) | 0.70 | 107(62–148) | 107 (10.0–155) | 0.77 |
| SBP | 129.0 (18–211) | 129.5 (82.0–180) | 0.97 | 131 (84–211) | 130 (82.0–180) | 0.83 |
| DBP | 79.0 (30.0–149) | 78.0 (21.0–1031) | 0.63 | 79.0 (43.0–149) | 78 (21.0–1031) | 0.59 |
| O2 SAT | 94.0 (70.0–100) | 95.0 (9.0–100) | 0.58 | 95.0 (70.0–100) | 95.0 (9.0–100) | 0.97 |
| RR | 20.0 (7.0–96.0) | 22.0 (2.0–200) | 0.031 | 20.0 (7.0–96.0) | 22.0 (2.0–200) | 0.04 |
| Temp. < 36℃ (96.8°F) | 8 (3.33%) | 5 (5.05%) | 0.45 | 2 (2.02%) | 5 (5.05%) | 0.25 |
| Altered mental status | 61 (25.42%) | 17 (17.17%) | 0.101 | 26 (26.26%) | 17 (17.17%) | 0.12 |
| sPESI | 1 (0–5) | 1 (0–4) | 0.025 | 0 (0–4) | 1 (0–4) | 0.15 |
| Laboratory | ||||||
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.35–6.7) | 0.96 (0.46–9.81) | 0.15 | 1.0 (0.39–6.28) | 0.965 (0.46–9.81) | 0.20 |
| Troponin (ng/mL, EN set to 0) | 0.26 (0.036–8.3) | 0.43 (0.04–9.8) | 0.165 | 0.25 (0.054–7.05) | 0.44 (0.04–9.8) | 0.13 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 154.5 (5.0–4266) | 223 (16–2077) | 0.009 | 123 (5.0–3250) | 223 (16–2077) | 0.04 |
| Hemodynamics | ||||||
| EF | 55.0 (27.0–71.0) | 55 (40.0–60) | 0.364 | 55.0 (27.0–71.0) | 55.0 (40.0–60.0) | 0.312 |
| PASP | 44.0 (8.0–132.0) | 42.0 (8.0–100.0) | 0.57 | 45.0 (18–76.0) | 42.0 (8.0–100.0) | 0.31 |
| RV dilated by TTE | 136 (62.39%) | 76 (80.85%) | 0.0054 | 49 (60.23%) | 76 (80.85%) | 0.01 |
| RV/LV ratio by CTA | 1.283 (1.0–4.27) | 1.54 (1.0–3.31) | <0.0014 | 1.22 (1.0–2.64) | 1.54 (1.0–3.31) | 0.01 |
Medical history was taken from admission to reflect known history on presentation. Vital signs and laboratory values reflect initial admission values. Undetectable troponin and BNP values were set to zero. Baseline imaging findings on admission imaging: transthoracic echocardiograms (TTE) and CT angiography (CTA). Patients treated with CDL had higher rates of RV dilation as evidenced on TTE as well as by RV to LV dilation on CTA. CHF: congestive heart failure; CAD: coronary artery disease; HIT: heparin induced thrombocytopenia; DVT: deep venous thrombosis; PE: pulomonary embolism; AC: anticoagulation; HR: heart rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; DBP; diastolic blood pressure: SAT: saturation; sPESI: simplified pulmonary embolism severity index; BNP: Brain natriuretic peptide; EF: ejection fraction; PASP: pulmonary artery systolic pressure; RV/LV: right ventricle/left ventricle. *reflects no statistics able to be calculated as there were no patients who were pregnant or postpartum in our cohort.