Study	Reason for exclusion
Aylesbury 1985	The study includes asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women and it is not possible to analyse them separately.
Florida 1990	Oral treatment (cephalexin 1 g followed by 500 mg every 6 hours, or ampicillin 500 mg every 6 hours) or intravenous treatment (cephalotin 1 g every 6 hours or ampicillin 1 g every 6 hours) was given randomly to 90 participants, 45 in each group. 12 participants (11.8%) were excluded from the randomisation because of high‐risk pre‐existing medical conditions and 13 participants (14.4%) were excluded before treatment, but after randomisation, because of positive blood cultures. Relevant and interpretable data are not clearly presented, as well as the data from each group separately. Cure rates (oral 3/32, IV 3/39) and recurrent pyelonephritis (oral 3/35, IV 5/42) were presented; preterm delivery rates are presented in a way that is impossible to analyse.
Greece 2007	The study includes asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women and it is not possible to analyse them separately.
London 1972	This study includes three different groups of participants: pregnant women, participants from general practice and hospital patients who acquired infection after admission. It included 18 male participants. The groups are not analysed separately, including symptomatic versus asymptomatic pregnant women.
London 1979	The study includes both asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women, and it is not possible to analyse them separately.
New York 1992	Patients with symptoms of pyelonephritis were excluded. Patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria and cystitis were included, but data are not separated.
Providence 1990	The study includes asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women and it is not possible to analyse them separately.
Victoria 1965	The study includes asymptomatic and symptomatic pregnant women and it is not possible to analyse them separately.

IV: intravenous