Ibrahim 2007.

Methods	Parallel RCT of prone and supine positions
Participants	Included: 34 children aged 8 weeks to 10 years on mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure Excluded: participants with cardiac or neurological disease, chest or abdominal trauma, neurological surgery, unstable circulatory system or receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Median age: 12 months; FiO2: 0.5; diagnosis: sepsis 13, pneumonia 12, inhalation injury 5, drowning 2 Setting: paediatric ICU, Saudi Arabia
Interventions	Prone and supine for 20 hours, both groups also received inhaled nitric oxide
Outcomes	OI; PaO2/FiO2 at 1 hour and 20 hours
Notes	Outcome data were also collected at 24 hours, however, as children in the prone group were changed to the supine position at 20 hours, these data were not included
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Outcome assessment was not blinded but outcomes were not subjective
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Loss to follow‐up 2/34; one because PaO2 improved and the other because of clinical deterioration