Table 1.
Participant Characteristics and Prevalence of Histologic Anal High-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions at Baseline
| Characteristic | Anal hHSIL Prevalence | Unadjusted OR | P Valueb | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no./No.a | % (95% CI) | |||
| Overall | 69/256 | 27.0 (21.6–32.8) | … | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age, y | .791 | |||
| <40 | 8/30 | 26.7 (12.3–45.9) | 0.81 (.44–1.49) | |
| 40–49 | 21/86 | 24.4 (15.8–34.9) | 0.91 (.37–2.21) | |
| ≥50 | 40/140 | 28.6 (21.3–36.8) | Reference | |
| Race/ethnicity | .024 | |||
| Non-Hispanic black | 35/163 | 21.5 (15.4–28.6) | Reference | |
| Non-Hispanic white or other | 17/42 | 40.5 (25.6–56.7) | 2.49 (1.21–5.11) | |
| Hispanic | 17/51 | 33.3 (20.8–47.9) | 1.83 (.92–3.65) | |
| Smoking status | .130 | |||
| Former/current | 50/168 | 29.8 (23.0–37.3) | 1.62 (.86–3.04) | |
| Never | 17/82 | 20.7 (12.6–31.1) | Reference | |
| Education | .910 | |||
| High school diploma or less | 37/137 | 27.0 (19.8–35.3) | 1.03 (.59–1.82) | |
| Some college or higher | 29/110 | 26.4 (18.4–35.6) | Reference | |
| Annual income | .150 | |||
| <$20 000 | 54/191 | 28.3 (22.0–35.2) | 1.82 (.80–4.17) | |
| ≥$20 000 | 8/45 | 17.8 (8.0–32.1) | Reference | |
| Marital status | .404 | |||
| Married/not married, living with someone | 12/55 | 21.8 (11.8–35.0) | 0.74 (.36–1.51) | |
| Divorced/widowed/single | 54/197 | 27.4 (21.3–34.2) | Reference | |
| HIV characteristics | ||||
| Current CD4 count, cells/μL | < .001 | |||
| ≤200 | 12/18 | 66.7 (41.0–86.7) | 6.96 (2.48–19.51) | |
| 201–350 | 9/23 | 39.1 (19.7–61.5) | 2.24 (.91–5.48) | |
| >350 | 48/215 | 22.3 (16.9–28.5) | Reference | |
| VL suppressed (≤200 copies/μL) | 56/218 | 25.7 (20.0–32.0) | 0.69 (.32–1.47) | .337 |
| VL unsuppressed (>200 copies/μL) | 12/36 | 33.3 (18.6–51.0) | Reference | |
| Nadir CD4 count, cells/μL | .004 | |||
| ≤200 | 44/124 | 35.5 (27.1–44.6) | 2.29 (1.29–4.08) | |
| >200 | 24/124 | 19.4 (12.8–27.4) | Reference | |
| Current cART user | .298 | |||
| Yes | 66/242 | 27.3 (21.8–33.4) | 3.38 (.42–27.03) | |
| No/declined | 1/10 | 10.0 (.0–44.5) | Reference | |
| Reported clinical history | ||||
| Lifetime male anal sex partners | .026 | |||
| 0 | 18/107 | 16.8 (10.3–25.3) | Reference | |
| 1 | 20/71 | 28.2 (18.1–40.1) | 1.94 (.94–4.00) | |
| ≥2 | 23/67 | 34.3 (23.2–46.9) | 2.59 (1.27–5.28) | |
| History of anogenital warts | .193 | |||
| Yes | 21/64 | 32.8 (21.6–45.7) | 1.51 (.81–2.81) | |
| No | 45/184 | 24.5 (18.4–31.3) | Reference | |
| History of abnormal cervical cytology | .004 | |||
| Yes | 47/140 | 33.6 (25.8–42.0) | 2.42 (1.32–4.44) | |
| No | 19/110 | 17.3 (10.7–25.7) | Reference | |
| Unsure/declinedc | 3/6 | 50.0 (11.8–88.2) | … | |
| History of colposcopy after abnormal cervical cytology | .004c | |||
| Yes | 39/111 | 35.1 (26.3–44.8) | 2.35 (1.18–4.68) | |
| No | 25/132 | 18.9 (12.7–26.7) | Reference | |
| Unsure/declinedc | 5/13 | 38.5 (13.9–68.4) | … | |
| History of sexual assault | .379 | |||
| Yes | 36/122 | 29.5 (21.6–38.4) | 1.28 (.74–2.23) | |
| No/declined | 33/134 | 24.6 (17.6–32.8) | Reference | |
| Total | 69/256 | 27.0 (21.6–32.8) | … |
Abbreviations: cART, combination antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; hHSIL, histological high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion; OR, odds ratio; VL, viral load.
aThe denominators do not sum to 256 for some variables due to missing responses; variables with the most missing data are annual income (n = 20), lifetime male sex partners (n = 11), and education (n = 9).
bχ2 or Fisher exact test.
cWe did not include the unsure/declined group in the P value calculation as there were only 6 observations in the latter group.