Table 2. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for being overweight and underweight (Z score) according to tertiles of plant-based diet score among infants (n = 290) .
Variables | PDI | P for trend* | hPDI | P for trend | uPDI | P for trend | ||||||
T1 (≤52.99) | T2 (53-57.99) | T3 (≥58) | T1 (≤51.99) | T2 (52-57.99) | T3 (≥58) | T1 (≤50.99) | T2 (51-58.99) | T3 (≥59) | ||||
n = 91 | n = 109 | n = 90 | n = 88 | n = 113 | n = 89 | n = 99 | n = 96 | n = 95 | ||||
Overweight at 2 months (n = 46) | ||||||||||||
Crude | 1 | 1.10 (0.50-2.42) | 1.20 (0.53-2.69) | 0.65 | 1 | 1.53 (0.71-3.29) | 0.89 (0.37-2.14) | 0.81 | 1 | 0.75 (0.34-1.65) | 0.90 (0.42-1.93) | 0.78 |
Model 1a | 1 | 1.12 (0.45-2.76) | 1.39 (0.52-3.72) | 0.50 | 1 | 2.56 (1.01-6.55) | 1.28 (0.44-3.71) | 0.66 | 1 | 0.83 (0.31-2.23) | 0.69 (0.22-2.09) | 0.51 |
Model 2b | 1 | 1.33 (0.50-3.55) | 1.53 (0.50-4.71) | 0.45 | 1 | 2.65 (0.97-7.20) | 1.40 (0.44-4.41) | 0.57 | 1 | 0.87 (0.31-2.44) | 0.67 (0.19-2.26) | 0.51 |
Overweight at 4 months (n = 43) | ||||||||||||
Crude | 1 | 1.07 (0.46-2.49) | 1.22 (0.51-2.90) | 0.63 | 1 | 0.82 (0.35-1.90) | 1.08 (0.46-2.52) | 0.84 | 1 | 0.46 (0.19-1.09) | 0.58 (0.26-1.32) | 0.17 |
Model 1a | 1 | 0.99 (0.38-2.53) | 1.22 (0.44-3.37) | 0.70 | 1 | 1.17 (0.45-3.05) | 1.69 (0.62-4.62) | 0.30 | 1 | 0.43 (0.15-1.21) | 0.38 (0.12-1.20) | 0.09 |
Model 2b | 1 | 1.03 (0.36-2.89) | 0.89 (0.27-2.87) | 0.84 | 1 | 0. 88 (0.32-2.43) | 1. 28 (0.42-3.89) | 0.65 | 1 | 0. 39 (0.12-1.19) | 0. 31 (0.08-1.12) | 0.07 |
Underweight at 2 months (n = 11) | ||||||||||||
Crude | 1 | 1.11 (0.24-5.12) | 1.36 (0.29-6.27) | 0.68 | 1 | 0.37 (0.06-2.11) | 1.25 (0.32-4.81) | 0.70 | 1 | 0.67 (0.18-2.46) | 0.16 (0.01-1.39) | 0.08 |
Model 1a | 1 | 1.38 (0.25-7.42) | 1.49 (0.24-9.06) | 0.99 | 1 | 0.47 (0.07-2.97) | 1.05 (0.22-4.86) | 0.14 | 1 | 0.32 (0.06-1.69) | 0.12 (0.01-1.32) | 0.47 |
Model 2b | 1 | 1.03 (0.11-8.45) | 1.46 (0.23-9.22) | 0.17 | 1 | 0.33 (0.03-3.24) | 1.46 (0.27-4.90) | 0.56 | 1 | 0.60 (0.08-1.97) | 0.27 (0.01-1.93) | 0.37 |
PDI whole plant-based diet index; hPDI, healthful plant-based diet index; uPDI, unhealthful plant-based diet index.
* P value was calculated by logistic regression.
a Model 1: adjusted for birthday weight, age of mother, and energy intake of mother.
b Model 2: model 1 + maternal BMI, physical activity, socioeconomic status, the length and number of breastfeeding, mothers macronutrients intake and infants supplemental use.