TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients.
| Age, mean (SD) | 55.9 (10.6) years |
| Sex | 11 male, 3 female |
| Modified Rankin Scale scorea, mean (SD) | 2.2 (0.8) |
| Time from symptom onset to diagnosis, mean (SD) | 3.4 (2.3) months |
| Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), mean (SD) | 22.1(5.9) |
| Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), mean (SD) | 18.3(5.5) |
| Symptom | |
| Memory impairment | 10/14 (71%) |
| Seizure | 11/14 (79%) |
| Faciobrachial dystonic seizures | 4/14 (29%) |
| Mental and behavioral abnormalities | 4/14 (29%) |
| Cerebrospinal fluid | |
| Glucose (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 4.6 (1.2) |
| Chlorine (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 121 (5.6) |
| Proteinb (g/L), mean (SD) | 0.38 (0.17) |
| Lactic acidc (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 2.2 (0.3) |
| Antibodies to LGI1 | |
| Serum (positive) | 14/14 (100%) |
| Cerebrospinal fluid (positive) | 10/14 (71%) |
aThe criteria of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score can be described as: 0 – No symptoms at all. 1 – No significant disability despite symptoms; able to carry out all usual duties and activities. 2 – Slight disability; unable to carry out all previous activities, but able to look after own affairs without assistance. 3 – Moderate disability; requiring some help, but able to walk without assistance. 4 – Moderately severe disability; unable to walk and attend to bodily needs without assistance. 5 – Severe disability; bedridden, incontinent and requiring constant nursing care and attention. bCSF Protein normal values: <0.45 g/L. cCSF lactic acid normal values: 1.2–2.1 mmol/L.