Table 1.
Characteristics of the 175 participants in the study group.
| Mean (95% CI limits) or % | |
|---|---|
| Women, % | 51.4 |
| Age, years | 18.1 (18.0, 18.3) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.7 (22.2, 23.2) |
| Overweight/obese (BMI >25), % | 20.6 |
| Smoking, % | |
| Present | 4.4 |
| Past | 3.4 |
| Swedish snus, % | |
| Present | 2.9 |
| Past | 8.6 |
| Dieta | |
| total energy, kcal/day | 1 855 (1 754, 1 956) |
| carbohydrates, E% | 40.3 (39.3, 41.4) |
| sugar, E% | 15.0 (14.4, 15.7) |
| sucrose, E% | 5.9 (5.6, 6.3) |
| protein, E% | 14.1 (13.7, 14.6) |
| fat, E% | 44.6 (43.4, 45.7) |
| sweet sugar snacks, daily frequency | 1.1 (1.0, 1.2) |
| sweet non-sugar products, daily frequency | 0.12 (0.08, 0.15) |
| milk, grams/day | 209 (173, 245) |
| healthy diet score | 12.1 (11.5, 12.7) |
| probiotic product latest month, % | 8.3 |
| Oral parametersb | |
| saliva flow rate, ml/minc | 1.5 (1.4, 1.6) |
| proportion caries affected (DeFS>0), % | 69.7 |
| bleeding gums, % | 31.1 |
| tooth brushing ≥once a day, % | 78.1 |
| flossing or other proximal cleaning, % | 25.9 |
| any type of extra fluoride,% | 6.0 |
| mutans streptococci, median (5, 95 percentiles) for colony-forming units (CFU)/mL saliva | 398 (0, 26) |
| lactobacilli, median (5, 95 percentiles) for CFU/mL saliva | 50 (0, 53) |
| SNP variants | |
| TAS1R1 rs731024 (AA), % | 12.0 |
| GNAT3 rs2074673 (GG+GA), % | 62.3 |
| GNAT3 rs11760281 (AA+AG), % | 50.3 |
(a) 11 participants were excluded based on unrealistic reported energy intake in analyses including diet variables. Means and 95% CI are adjusted for sex, age and BMI. (b) For bleeding gums, 13.1%, daily brushing, 2.9%, and extra fluoride, 4.0% had missing answers. (c) Means and 95% CI are adjusted for sex and age.SNP, Single Nucleotide Polymorphism.