Table 2.
Assessment of skeletal muscle health.
| Study & Year | Parameter | Region | Modality | Device |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brightwell 2018 * [26] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Peak leg torque | Biodex isokinetic dynamometer |
| Chung 2018 [36] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Hand-grip strength | Hand-grip dynamometer |
| den Ouden 2013 [37] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Hand-grip strength | JAMAR hand-grip dynamometer |
| Dipla 2017 [55] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Hand-grip strength | Biopac hand-grip dynamometer |
| Lima-Junior 2018 [57] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Hand-grip strength | Hand-grip dynamometer |
| Shimizu 2017 [59] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Hand-grip strength | Smedley hand-grip dynamometer |
| Wong 2018 [60] | Muscular Strength | Appendicular | 8-RM | Cybex dynamometer |
| Yoo 2018 [53] | Muscular strength | Appendicular | Hand-grip strength | T.K.K hand-grip dynamometer |
| Im 2017 [42] | Muscle mass | Whole body | BIA | Inbody |
| Kohara 2017 [43] | Muscle mass | Whole body | BIA, CT | Omron, GE |
| Lee 2014 [44] | Muscle mass | Whole body | BIA | InBody |
| Mitchell 2013 * [25] | Muscle mass | Appendicular | DXA | Lunar |
| Sampaio 2014 [58] | Muscle mass | Whole body | BIA | n/r |
| Sanada 2010 [48] | Muscle mass | Whole body | DXA | Hologic |
| Timmerman 2012 * [20] | Muscle anabolic response | Appendicular | Muscle biopsy | Bergström needle |
| Zhang 2019 [54] | Muscle mass | Whole body | BIA | InBody |
| Barnouin 2017 * [33] | Muscle CSA | Appendicular | Muscle biopsy | Bergström needle |
| Gueugneau 2016 * [56] | Muscle CSA | Appendicular | Muscle biopsy | Bergström needle |
| Ochi 2010 [46] | Muscle CSA | Appendicular | CT | GE |
| Wüst 2009 * [62] | Muscle CSA | Appendicular | Muscle biopsy | Percutaneous needle |
| Gonzales 2015 [40] | Muscular function | Whole body | 400 m walk | Polar monitor (to track HR during walk) |
| Khoudary 2015 [38] | Muscular function | Whole body | 40-foot walking speed, sit-to-stand test | n/r |
| Suwa 2018 [50] | Muscular function | Appendicular | Arm extensibility test | n/r |
| Yamamoto 2009 [51] | Muscular function | Whole body | Sit and reach test | Takei Scientific digital flexibility testing device |
| Yoshizawa 2009 [52] | Muscular function | Whole body | 1-RM, aerobic capacity | Selectorized weight machines, cycle ergometer |
| Barrera 2014 [35] | Muscular strength and function | Whole body | 12-min walk, TUG, hand-grip strength | Digital force transducer and hand-grip dynamometer |
| Fahs 2017 [39] | Muscular strength and muscle mass | Whole body | 1-RM, DXA | Selectorized weight machines, Hologic |
| Groen 2014 * [61] | Muscle mass and CSA | Appendicular | CT, muscle biopsy | n/r, percutaneous needle |
| Heffernan 2012 [41] | Muscle strength and power | Appendicular | 1-RM | Keiser Sports |
| Phillips 2012 [34] | Muscle mass and strength | Whole body | DXA, leg extension 75% 1-RM | Lunar, Leisure Lines |
| Prior 2016 * [47] | Muscle mass and CSA | Whole body | DXA, CT | Lunar, Siemens |
| Shiotsu 2018 [49] | Muscular strength and function | Whole body | 1-RM, hand-grip strength, 10-m walk, sit and reach test | Leg press/curl, chest/shoulder press, seated row, hand-grip dynamometer |
| Verdijk 2016 * [27] | Muscular strength and muscle mass | Whole body | 1-RM, CT, DXA, muscle biopsy | Technogym, Phillips Medical, GE, percutaneous needle |
* Microvascular only assessment (no asterisk indicates macrovascular only); Abbreviations: RM: Repetition Maximum; BIA: Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis; CT: Computed Tomography; DXA: Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry; CSA: Muscle Fiber Cross-Sectional Area; TUG: The Timed Up and Go Test; n/r: Not reported.