Table 2.
Phosphoprotein signaling pathways for PEA and placebo groups. Values are mean ± SD, # p < 0.05 compared with pre-exercise.
| Pre-exercise | Post-exercise | +1 h | +2 h | +3 h | +24 h | +48 h | +72 h | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PKB (MFI) | PEA | 4682 ± 2933 | 9362 ± 4185# | 6146 ± 4147 | 5355 ± 3694 | 5972 ± 3313 | 6263 ± 4015 | 6163 ± 3667 | 4461 ± 3772 |
| Placebo | 4444 ± 1749 | 4996 ± 4642 | 5405 ± 2574 | 4911 ± 2625 | 4798 ± 2634 | 4832 ± 2515 | 4494 ± 2053 | 5298 ± 2226 | |
| CREB (MFI) | PEA | 98.5 ± 43.7 | 88.4 ± 61.7 | 92.7 ± 63.3 | 87.3 ± 51.0 | 122 ± 123 | 115 ± 105 | 73.0 ± 28.1 | 165 ± 222 |
| Placebo | 66.4 ± 29.7 | 58.3 ± 27.5 | 94.8 ± 99.6 | 65.7 ± 20.7 | 74.5 ± 24.6 | 68.4 ± 38.3 | 62.1 ± 22.1 | 66.8 ± 29.6 | |
| ERK 1/2 (MFI) | PEA | 39.6 ± 13.7 | 37.9 ± 15.8 | 40.3 ± 14.0 | 43.6 ± 13.7 | 40.9 ± 12.2 | 43.3 ± 15.0 | 40.2 ± 16.7 | 42.9 ± 13.0 |
| Placebo | 38.2 ± 12.1 | 41.5 ± 13.2 | 44.5 ± 14.6 | 44.0 ± 13.8 | 42.0 ± 12.1 | 40.5 ± 12.7 | 41.9 ± 14.7 | 38.9 ± 14.9 | |
| JNK (MFI) | PEA | 115 ± 92 | 106 ± 102 | 135 ± 101 | 120 ± 140 | 162 ± 133 | 105 ± 120 | 117 ± 119 | 120 ± 97 |
| Placebo | 103 ± 98 | 78 ± 64 | 138 ± 114 | 107 ± 93 | 126 ± 107 | 101 ± 93 | 87 ± 70 | 99 ± 93 | |
| NF-κB (MFI) | PEA | 17.9 ± 4.1 | 21.6 ± 8.1 | 17.8 ± 5.6 | 19.5 ± 9.1 | 21.0 ± 11.4 | 23.9 ± 17.9 | 17.1 ± 4.5 | 19.0 ± 7.2 |
| Placebo | 16.4 ± 5.7 | 18.0 ± 5.6 | 20.4 ± 7.0 | 17.4 ± 4.1 | 20.3 ± 7.1 | 19.0 ± 4.9 | 20.9 ±4.1 | 22.3 ± 8.5 | |
| p38MAPK (MFI) | PEA | 6188 ± 1791 | 6762 ± 1245 | 6184 ± 1545 | 5605 ± 2759 | 6879 ± 1706 | 6790 ± 2830 | 5772 ± 2896 | 5283 ± 2705 |
| Placebo | 5926 ± 2047 | 6080 ± 1933 | 6415 ± 1698 | 6504 ± 1923 | 6556 ± 1455 | 6448 ± 2629 | 6782 ± 2061 | 5643 ± 2524 | |
| RPS6KB1 (MFI) | PEA | 68.3 ± 70.9 | 47.5 ± 26.6 | 46.5 ± 22.6 | 49.6 ± 34.1 | 51.0 ± 31.3 | 42.6 ± 12.0 | 49.4 ± 36.4 | 55.5 ± 23.3 |
| Placebo | 39.7 ± 13.0 | 30.3 ± 11.8 | 45.0 ± 29.0 | 37.7 ± 10.2 | 38.1 ± 11.1 | 32.9 ± 15.2 | 46.0 ± 42.9 | 44.1 ± 17.5 | |
| STAT3 (MFI) | PEA | 51.9 ± 26.8 | 49.7 ± 19.8 | 55.6 ± 26.5 | 48.9 ± 22.7 | 48.6 ± 19.3 | 51.1 ± 19.3 | 43.4 ± 15.5 | 52.4 ± 27.0 |
| Placebo | 42.5 ± 18.3 | 42.0 ± 16.2 | 44.0 ± 24.6 | 46.2 ± 24.0 | 48.4 ± 28.9 | 45.5 ± 26.5 | 43.2 ± 26.0 | 47.4 ± 19.9 | |
| STAT5 (MFI) | PEA | 47.2 ± 32.4 | 46.3 ± 18.9 | 48.8 ± 20.7 | 50.8 ± 30.5 | 53.4 ± 25.9 | 42.8 ± 14.6 | 45.6 ± 22.8 | 41.1 ± 11.9 |
| Placebo | 38.5 ±10.1 | 40.4 ± 12.4 | 37.7 ± 6.5 | 39.3 ± 13.4 | 39.9 ±9.9 | 38.3 ± 6.5 | 40.6 ± 9.4 | 38.9 ± 12.3 |
Abbreviations: MFI, mean fluorescence intensity; PKB, protein kinase B; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein; ERK 1/2, extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1/2; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinases; NF-κB, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells; p38MAPK, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases; RPS6KB1, ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1; STAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription.