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. 2020 Apr 10;13:190. doi: 10.1186/s13071-020-04052-y

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Molecular (a–d) and biological (e–h) changes induced by tetraspanin1(EgTSP1)-specific dsRNA in different developmental stages of Echinococcus granulosus using electro-soaking (ES) and electroporation (EP) compared to the untreated (Ctrl) and the irrelevant dsRNA (Ctrl-irr) controls. a EgTSP1 expression profile in different developmental stages of E. granulosus in vitro; invaginated protoscoleces (PSCi), evaginated protoscoleces (PSCe), one-proglottid worms (SW1) and three or more proglottids worms (SW3). b–d Suppression of EgTSP1 in protoscoleces (PSC), one-proglottid worms (SW1) and three or more proglottids worms (SW3) by dsRNA on days 3, 7 and 14. e Viability changes of protoscoleces treated with EgTSP1-specific dsRNA. f Evagination rate of protoscoleces treated with EgTSP1-specific dsRNA. g, h Changes in body contractions per minute in one-proglottid worms (SW1) and three or more proglottids worms (SW3) treated with EgTSP1-specific dsRNA. For Ctrl-irr EgTSP1 expression data are only demonstrated for electro-soaking method. Bars show the mean ± SE. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001