Table 4.
Standardized factor loadings (λ) of observed (measured) exposures (W-As, W-Mn, and B-Pb) on the latent Metals variable and of observed outcomes (diphtheria and tetanus) on the latent Antibody variable. Factor loadings are relevant to SEMs diagrammed in Fig. 2
| Variables | Overall (n = 498) | Girls (n = 246) | Boys (n = 255) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| λ (95% CI) | p-value | λ (95% CI) | p-value | λ (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Latent Metals | ||||||
| Arsenic | ||||||
| pregnancy | 0.59 (0.52,0.66) | <.001 | 0.6 (0.5,0.7) | <.001 | 0.59 (0.5,0.69) | <.001 |
| toddlerhood | 0.34 (0.25,0.43) | <.001 | 0.32 (0.19,0.46) | <.001 | 0.35 (0.21,0.49) | <.001 |
| childhood | 0.43 (0.35,0.52) | <.001 | 0.36 (0.23,0.48) | <.001 | 0.5 (0.39,0.61) | <.001 |
| Manganese | ||||||
| pregnancy | 0.01 (−0.1,0.11) | 0.91 | −0.08 (− 0.24,0.08) | 0.34 | 0.05 (− 0.1,0.2) | 0.53 |
| toddlerhood | −0.24 (− 0.35,-0.14) | <.001 | − 0.26 (− 0.41,-0.11) | 0.001 | −0.27 (− 0.41,-0.12) | <.001 |
| childhood | −0.18 (− 0.27,-0.08) | <.001 | −0.17 (− 0.3,-0.03) | 0.02 | −0.19 (− 0.33,-0.05) | 0.01 |
| Lead | ||||||
| pregnancy | −0.81 (− 0.88,-0.75) | <.001 | − 0.79 (− 0.88,-0.7) | <.001 | −0.82 (− 0.92,-0.72) | <.001 |
| toddlerhood | −0.69 (− 0.77,-0.61) | <.001 | −0.72 (− 0.84,-0.6) | <.001 | −0.67 (− 0.77,-0.56) | <.001 |
| childhood | −0.71 (− 0.77,-0.64) | <.001 | −0.81 (− 0.9,-0.71) | <.001 | −0.63 (− 0.73,-0.53) | <.001 |
| Latent Antibody | ||||||
| Diphtheria | 0.78 (0.71,0.85) | <.001 | 0.78 (0.71,0.85) | <.001 | 0.71 (0.65,0.77) | <.001 |
| Tetanus | 0.75 (0.62,0.89) | <.001 | 0.75 (0.62,0.89) | <.001 | 0.84 (0.68,1) | <.001 |
Note: Standardized loadings are restricted to values between 0 to 1.0, which are interpreted as correlations