Table 2.
Characteristics of included studies comparing S + IORT versus S alone
| Study | Nation | Study design | Study period | Sample size, n | Mean age (year) | Male, % | Tumor Size (mean, cm) | Median Survival Time (month) | Tumor Staging, n (+) vs. (−) |
Study quality | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | (+) | (−) | ||||||
| Hiraoka 1990 [33] | Japan | R | 1969–1989 | 15 | 19 | 63.6 | 61.2 | 53 | 73.7 | NA | NA | 8.8 | 8.2 |
Stage I: 0 vs. 2 Stage II: 3 vs. 5 Stage III: 9 vs. 7 Stage IV: 3 vs. 5 |
******* |
| Shibamoto-1 1990 [26] | Japan | R | 1975–1989 | 2 | 31 | 60.1a | 60.9a | 48.7a | 67.9a | NA | NA | 8.5 | 9.0 |
Stage I: 0 vs. 11a Stage II: 0 vs. 16a Stage III: 7 vs. 45a Stage IV: 7 vs. 40a |
******* |
| Shibamoto-2 1990 [26] | Japan | R | 1975–1989 | 2 | 17 | 60.1a | 60.9a | 48.7a | 67.9a | NA | NA | 23.0 | 6.5 |
Stage I: 0 vs. 11a Stage II: 0 vs. 16a Stage III: 7 vs. 45a Stage IV: 7 vs. 40a |
******* |
| Kawamura 1992 [30] | Japan | R | 1978–1990 | 8 | 13 | 67a | 64a | 51.4a | 62.5a | NA | NA | 18.4 | 14.3 |
Stage I: 2 vs. 6a Stage II: 7 vs. 8a Stage III: 28 vs. 26a Stage IV: 0 vs. 0a |
******* |
| Johnstone 1993 [31] | USA | P | 1980–1984 | 7 | 4 | 61.5 | 59.4 | 25 | 71.4 | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Stage I: 0 vs. 4 Stage II-IV: 7 vs. 0 |
****** |
| Kasperk 1995 [23] | Germany | R | NA | 12 | 18 | 62.5a | 64a | 69.7a | 70.7a | NA | NA | 10.9 | 12.2 |
All patients (curative resection) |
****** |
| Dobelbower-2 1997 [14] | USA | R | 1980–1995 | 6 | 14 | 58.8 | 69.1 | 54.5a | 4.9 | 4.7 | 9.0 | 6.5 |
Stage I: 2 vs. 5 Stage II: 2 vs. 5 Stage III: 2 vs. 4 |
******* | |
| Ouchi 1998 [27] | Japan | R | 1982–1996 | 5 | 6 | 64.7a | 61.0a | 66.7a | 100a | NA | NA | 8.0 | 14.0 |
Stage I: 0 vs. 0 Stage II: 1 vs. 1a Stage III: 5 vs. 6a Stage IV: 0 vs. 0 |
******* |
|
Takahashi 1999 [24] |
Japan | R | 1985–1997 | 16 | 32 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 10.0 | 9.0 |
Stage I: 0 vs. 3 Stage II: 1 vs. 4 Stage III: 5 vs. 14 Stage IVA: 6 vs. 8 Stage IVB: 4 vs. 3 |
******* |
| Koukubo-1 2000 [15] | Japan | R | 1980–1997 | 34 | 39 | 63.0a | 63.0a | 60.1a | 60.1a | NA | NA | 15.0 | 11.0 | All patients (resectable) | ******* |
| Koukubo-2 2000 [15] | Japan | R | 1980–1997 | 7 | 14 | 63.0a | 63.0a | 60.1a | 60.1a | NA | NA | 8.0 | 6.0 | All patients (resectable) | ******* |
| Alfieri 2001 [32] | Italy | R | 1985–1995 | 26 | 20 | 62.5 | 58.4 | 40.0 | 42.3 | 3.04 | 2.73 | 14.3 | 10.8 |
Stage I: 7 vs. 5 Stage II: 5 vs. 5 Stage III: 10 vs. 7 Stage IVA: 4 vs. 3 |
******* |
Shibamoto-1 indicates R0 resection; Shibamoto-2, Non-R0 resection; Koukubo-1, R0 resection; Koukubo-2, Non-R0 resection
S indicates surgery, IORT intraoperative radiotherapy, P prospective study, R retrospective case-matched study, NAT neoadjuvant treatment, NA no available
a, The Whole study; (+), IORT group; (−), Non-IORT group; *represented one point, a score of 0 to 9 was assigned to each study and studies achieving a score of 6 or greater were considered high quality