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. 2020 Apr 3;14:311. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00311

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Copyright © 2020 Liu, Zhang, Gao, Wang, Tao, Gao, Zhou, Chen, Li and Hang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of conditioned medium (CM) from microglia on primary neurons. Primary neurons were treated with CM for 12 h. (A) Representative microscopy image of neurons. (B) ROS production observed by green fluorescence. (C–E) LDH release (n = 6), CCK8 cell viability (n = 6), and ROS production (n = 6) relative to the CM-Con+nc group. Values are means ± SD. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Tukey’s tests for multicomparison. ***p < 0.001, #p < 0.05, and ##p < 0.01. Black arrow: neuron soma shrinkage and neurite degeneration and arrowhead: normal neurons. miR-146a mimic negative control. Bar = 15 μm.