Table 2.

Incidence and adjusted hazard ratios of subsequent disease stratified by sex between the NEC cohort and matched controls.

	Controls (n = 1,145)			NEC (n = 1,145)			Crude HR (95% CI)	Adjusted HR (95% CI)
	Events	PM	Rate	Events	PM	Rate
Asthma	277	58,709	4.72	242	580,662	4.17	0.881 (0.742–1.047)	0.882 (0.742–1.049)
Male	166	29,730	5.58	152	28,928	5.25	0.930 (0.746–1.159)	0.873 (0.734–1.039)
Female	111	28,979	3.83	90	29,138	3.09	0.811 (0.614–1.071)	0.794 (0.599–1.052)
Allergic rhinitis	389	50,234	7.74	381	50,450	7.55	0.975 (0.846–1.123)	0.968 (0.840–1.116)
Male	218	25,677	8.49	219	25,145	8.71	1.009 (0.836–1.217)	1.008 (0.834–1.219)
Female	171	24,557	6.96	162	25,305	6.40	0.936 (0.755–1.160)	0.925 (0.744–1.150)
Atopic dermatitis	377	48,653	7.75	347	48,073	7.22	0.919 (0.794-1.063)	0.923 (0.797–1.069)
Male	187	26,129	7.16	188	24,000	7.83	1.022 (0.835–1.251)	1.000 (0.815–1.227)
Female	190	22,524	8.44	159	24,073	6.60	0.818 (0.662–1.009)	0.834 (0.673–1.033)
Constipation	211	58,331	3.62	262	53,919	4.86	1.309 (1.092–1.569)	1.307 (1.089–1.568)
Male	105	31,160	3.37	127	28,307	4.49	1.292 (0.998–1.673)	1.321 (1.017–1.717)
Female	106	27,171	3.90	135	25,612	5.27	1.320 (1.023–1.702)	1.280 (0.989–1.657)
Failure to thrive	30	68,790	0.44	59	65,285	0.90	2.044 (1.317–3.172)	2.073 (1.329–3.233)
Male	12	36,284	0.33	30	34,265	0.88	2.635 (1.349–5.147)	2.649 (1.349–5.201)
Female	18	32,506	0.55	29	31,020	0.39	1.656 (0.920–2.981)	1.542 (0.847–2.807)

Rate: per 1,000 person months.

Adjusted HR: multivariable analysis including sex, multiple-births, birth order, gestational age and birthweight.

CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; NEC, necrotizing enterocolitis; PM, person-months.