Table 1.
Regional Concentration Means and SDs of Glx, Glutamate, Glutamine, GABA (Institutional Units), and Data Quality Parameters of the Patients and Controls That Were Included in Data Analysis
| Patients | Controls | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Mis/ Excl. | Mean | SD | N | Mis/ Excl. | Mean | SD | |||
| LSTG | P | Glx | 92 (76) | -/1 | 15.73 | 4.10 | 77 | -/- | 15.87 | 4.19 |
| Glutamate | 81 (67) | 13.23 | 2.13 | 60 | 13.61 | 2.0 | ||||
| Glutamine | 81 (67) | 3.60 | 2.54 | 60 | 4.06 | 2.63 | ||||
| SNR | 92 (76) | 39.55 | 12.17 | 77 | 40.81 | 12.28 | ||||
| FWHM | 92 (76) | 0.07 | 0.02 | 77 | 0.07 | 0.02 | ||||
| MP | GABA | 83 (68) | 2/8 | 4.95 | 0.97 | 75 | -/2 | 4.82 | 1.08 | |
| SNR | 83 (68) | 21.51 | 5.94 | 75 | 20.53 | 6.36 | ||||
| FWHM | 83 (68) | 0.07 | 0.02 | 75 | 0.07 | 0.02 | ||||
| LIFG | P | Glx | 48 (37) | 1/- | 16.93 | 2.86 | 38 | -/- | 16.18 | 3.23 |
| Glutamate | 46 (36) | 14.28 | 1.88 | 34 | 14.35 | 1.8 | ||||
| Glutamine | 46 (36) | 3.12 | 1.64 | 34 | 2.75 | 1.5 | ||||
| SNR | 48 (37) | 42.48 | 9.02 | 38 | 47.29 | 6.79 | ||||
| FWHM | 48 (37) | 0.06 | 0.01 | 38 | 0.05 | 0.01 | ||||
| MP | GABA | 47 (37) | 1/1 | 5.47 | 0.77 | 38 | -/- | 5.4 | 0.84 | |
| SNR | 47 (37) | 27.68 | 3.93 | 38 | 28.45 | 4.16 | ||||
| FWHM | 47 (37) | 0.06 | 0.02 | 38 | 0.06 | 0.02 | ||||
| ACC | P | Glx | 43 (38) | 1/- | 20.18 | 3.33 | 37 | -/2 | 19.83 | 3.59 |
| Glutamate | 36 (33) | 17.09 | 1.80 | 33 | 16.55 | 1.69 | ||||
| Glutamine | 36 (33) | 4.22 | 2.39 | 33 | 4.31 | 2.28 | ||||
| SNR | 43 (38) | 40.51 | 7.26 | 37 | 41.46 | 6.03 | ||||
| FWHM | 43 (38) | 0.06 | 0.02 | 37 | 0.06 | 0.01 | ||||
| MP | GABA | 42 (37) | 1/1 | 4.44 | 0.83 | 38 | -/1 | 4.59 | 0.82 | |
| SNR | 42 (37) | 18.41 | 6.15 | 38 | 19.05 | 5.50 | ||||
| FWHM | 42 (37) | 0.05 | 0.01 | 38 | 0.06 | 0.01 | ||||
| RSTG | P | Glx | 42 (37) | 2/- | 22.30 | 3.25 | 38 | -/1 | 21.14 | 4.31 |
| Glutamate | 40 (35) | 16.40 | 1.96 | 35 | 15.34 | 2.51 | ||||
| Glutamine | 40 (35) | 6.95 | 3.49 | 35 | 7.08 | 3.66 | ||||
| SNR | 42 (37) | 33.71 | 9.51 | 38 | 31.76 | 8.13 | ||||
| FWHM | 42 (37) | 0.07 | 0.02 | 38 | 0.08 | 0.02 | ||||
| MP | GABA | 37 (32) | 2/5 | 4.63 | 1.13 | 37 | -/2 | 4.43 | 1.28 | |
| SNR | 37 (32) | 14.05 | 4.93 | 37 | 14.22 | 4.84 | ||||
| FWHM | 37 (32) | 0.08 | 0.03 | 37 | 0.09 | 0.03 | ||||
Note: LSTG, left superior temporal gyrus; LIFG, left inferior frontal gyrus; ACC, anterior cingulate cortex; RSTG, right superior temporal gyrus; P, PRESS sequence; MP, MEGA-PRESS sequence; Mis, missing spectra; Excl, excluded spectra; SNR, signal-to-noise ratio; FWHM, full-width at half maximum (linewidth). N refers to number of observations (as some patients were tested repeatedly at 2 sessions), and in parentheses the number of unique subjects. Number of participants differ across regions and groups (patients and controls) due to missing or excluded (low quality) spectra for single measurements. N also differ between Glx and glutamate/glutamine due to cases where the composite signal was inseparable.