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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurogenet. 2020 Feb 11;34(1):36–46. doi: 10.1080/01677063.2020.1715971

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Simplified diagram of the anatomical connectivity and information processing that underlies olfactory learning in Drosophila. A. Simplified diagram of the olfactory pathway through the mushroom body (MB) and mushroom body output neurons (MBONs), highlighting the major anatomical structures involved in learning. Connections to the lateral horn are not shown. Gray arrows indicate the inward information flow from peripheral olfactory sensory receptors. ORNs: olfactory receptor neurons, PNs: projection neurons, KCs: Kenyon Cells, DAN: dopaminergic neuron(s), MBON: mushroom body output neuron, PPL1/2: paired posterior lateral (dopaminergic) neurons, PAM: protocerebral anterior medial (dopaminergic) neurons. B. Drawing of the mushroom body, showing the major anatomical subdivisions and classes of neurons relevant for learning. Anatomical compartments (γ1-γ5, α2, α3, α′3) are outlined with dashed lines. For clarity, only one γ KC and one α/β KC are drawn (out of ~2500 total); likewise, two MBONs are drawn (out of 34 total). C. Flowchart highlighting major connections in the olfactory pathway that are critical for olfactory learning and memory. DPM: dorsal paired medial neuron, DAL: dorsal anterior lateral, APL: anterior paired lateral neuron.