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. 2020 Apr 10;3(4):e202494. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.2494

Figure 4. Association Between Ability to Practice Conservatively (Appropriately Conservative Management [ACM] Score) and Care Intensity, Physician Characteristics, and Practice Characteristics.

Figure 4.

All models are adjusted for ACM score of the initial certification examination for internal medicine. Model A includes movers only, with care intensity and physician characteristics; model B, movers only, with all covariates; and model C, movers and stayers. Results of the full model (C) are represented in the graph. NA signifies not applicable.

aMeasured at the level of each of the Dartmouth Atlas’s 306 hospital referral regions as the mean total number of physician visits per decedent within the last 6 months of life in the year 2012.

bFor model C, a stayers indicator and an interaction term between intensity and stayers indicator were included in the model. Practice environment intensity for stayers and movers report the combined estimated effect of intensity and the interaction term between intensity and stayers indicator for stayers and movers, respectively.

cReflects the change in end-of-life visit index (EOL VI) score based on the difference between the 90th and 10th percentiles of intensity measure.