ABCA1	ATP-binding cassette transporter
ABCG1	ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 1
ACC	Acetyl-CoA carboxylase
ADH	alcohol dehydrogenase
ADR	Adiponectin
AdipoR	Adiponectin receptor
AH	acute alcoholic hepatitis
ALD	alcoholic liver disease
ALDH	acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
ALF	alcoholic fatty liver
ALT	Alanine aminotransferase
AMPK	5′AMP-activated protein kinase
ApoCII	Apolipoprotein C2
ASH	alcoholic steato-hepatitis
α-SMA	Alpha-smooth muscle actin
AST	aspartate aminotransferase
ATM	ataxia-telangiectasis-mutated
ATR ataxia and rad	ataxia and rad-3 related
AUDIT	Alcohol Use Disorders Identification
CCl4	Carbon tetrachloride
CDT	carbohydrate-deficient transferrin
Chk	check point kinase
ChREBP	Carbohydrate response element-binding protein
Col	Collagen type 1
CPT	Carnitine palmitoyl-transferase
Ctsb	Capthepsin B
CYP	cytochrome P450
DAMPS	damage-associated molecular patterns
EMA	European Medicines Agency
FABP	Fatty acid-binding protein
FAS	Fatty acid synthase
FAT 10	human leukocyte antigen F locus adjacent transcript 10
FDA	Food and drug administration
FFA	Free fatty acid
Fibroscan	Vibration-Controlled Transient Elastography
FMT	Fecal microbial transplantation
FXR	farsenoid X receptor
G6Pase	Glucose 6-phosphate
GAPDH	Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
GAA	guanidino-acetate
GAMT	guanidino-acetate methyltransferase
GGPP	Geranyl-geranyl pyrophosphate
γGT	gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, Gamma-glutamyl-transferase
GLUT4	Glucose transporter type 4
GNA15	canine nucleotide-binding protein Alpha 15
GPx	Glutathione peroxidase
GSDMD	Gasdermin-D
GSH	Glutathione
HBV	hepatitis B virus
HCC	hepatocellular carcinoma
HCV	hepatitis C virus
HDL	high density lipoprotein
HFD	high fat diet
HMOs	Human milk oligosaccharides
4-HNE	4-hydroxynonenal
IKKβ	Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta
IARC	International Agency for Research on Cancer
IGF	insulin-like growth factor
IL	Interleukin
IL	Interleukin 8—CXCL8
iNOS	Nitric oxide synthase
ITS	internal transcribed spacer
LDL	Low-density lipoprotein
LA	linoleic acid
LCT	long-chain triglycerides
LDL	low density lipoprotein
LGG	Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinases
MCD	Methionine-choline-deficient diet
MCP-1	Monocyte chemotactic protein 1
MCT	medium-chain triglycerides
MCV	mean corpuscular volume of erythrocytes
MD2	Myeloid differentiation 2
MDA	Malondialdehyde
MDB	Mallory-Denk body
MDF	Maddrey discriminator function
MELD	Model for End-Stage Liver Disease
MEOS	microsomal ethanol oxidizing system
MONCF	monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor
MRI	magnetic resonance imaging
NAFLD	Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases
NAS	NALFD activity score
NASH	Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis
NEFA	Non-esterified fatty acid
NFκB	Nuclear factor kappa-B
OA	Oleic acid
PAMPS	Pathogen-associated molecular patterns
PCR	Polymerase chain reaction
PMN	Poly-morpho-neutrophyl
PPAR	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
PPI	proton pump inhibitor
ROS	reactive oxygen species
SAH	S-adenosyl-homocysteine
SAM	S-adenosyl-methionine
SCD	Stearoyl-CoA desaturase
SF	saturated fat
SHP	Small heterodimer partner
SIBO	small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
SNAP	single nucleotide polymorphisms
SOD	Superoxide dismutase
SREBP1	Sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1
TBARS	Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
TC	Total cholesterol
TG	Total triglycerides
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor beta
TIMP	Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase
TLR	Toll like receptor
TNF	Tumor necrosis factor
UPN	Upper the normal values
USF	unsaturated fat
WGCNA	Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis