Table 6.8.
Pathogens capable of establishing persistent infections
| Pathogen | Type of persistent infection | Disease |
|---|---|---|
| Hepatitis viruses B, C, D and E (in immunocompromised patients) | Chronic | Chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, malignancy |
| HIV | Chronic | HIV/AIDS |
| Papovaviruses | Chronic | Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy |
| Prions | Chronic | Spongiform encephalopathies |
| Helicobacter pylori | Chronic | Chronic gastritis, gastric and duodenal ulcers, and gastric and duodenal cancer |
| HPV | Chronic | Cervical cancer, other genital and oral cancers |
| HSV | Latent | Recurrent HSV infections, HSV encephalitis |
| VZV | Latent | Zoster |
| EBV | Latent | Reactivation diseases including glandular fever and nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | Latent | Reactivation TB |
| CMV | Latent | Severe multisystem reactivation disease in immunocompromised patients |
HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HPV, human papillomavirus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; VZV, varicella zoster virus; EBV, Epstein–Barr virus; TB, tuberculosis; CMV, cytomegalovirus. Every effort has been made to verify the information in the above table. The information included is not meant to be exhaustive but is intended to provide an overview of the subject matter.