Table 3.
Syndromic Panels that Are Currently Available in the United States for the Detection of Gastrointestinal Tract Pathogens
| Analyte | FDA Cleared? | Adenovirus F 40/41 | Astrovirus | Campylobacter spp. | Clostridium difficile (Toxin A/B) | Cryptosporidium spp. | Cyclospora cayetanensis | Entamoeba histolytica | Escherichia coli O157 | E coli (EAEC) | E coli (EPEC) | E coli (EIEC) | E coli (ETEC) | E coli (STEC) or stx1 and stx2 | Giardia intestinalis (G lamblia) | Norovirus | Plesiomonas shigelloides | Rotavirus | Salmonella spp. | Sapovirus | Shigella spp. | Vibrio cholerae | Vibrio parahaemolyticus | Vibrio vulnificus | Yersinia enterocolitica |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BD MAX Enteric Bacterial Panel | + | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | − | + | − | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | + | − | − | − | − |
| BD MAX Extended Enteric Bacterial Panel | + | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | + | + | − | − | + | − | + | − | + | + | + | + | + |
| BD MAX Enteric Parasite Panel | + | − | − | − | − | + | − | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| FilmArray GI Panela | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| VERIGENE EP Testb | + | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | + | − | + | − | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | + |
| xTAG GPPc | + | + | − | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | − | − | + | + | + | + | − | + | + | − | + | + | − | − | − |
Abbreviations: EIEC, Shigella/enteroinvasive E coli; EAEC, Enteroaggregative E coli; EPEC, Enteropathogenic E coli; ETEC, Enterotoxigenic E coli; STEC, Shiga Toxin-producing E coli; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; GI, gastrointestinal; GPP, gastrointestinal pathogen panel.
Symbols: +, yes or present on panel; -, no or absent from panel.
The FilmArray GI panel detects Campylobacter jejuni, C coli, and C upsaliensis and reports them as “Campylobacter (jejuni, coli and upsaliensis).” Shigella spp. are reported along with E coli (EIEC) as “Shigella/enteroinvasive E coli (EIEC).” V cholerae, V parahaemolyticus, and V vulnificus are detected and are reported as “Vibrio (parahaemolyticus, vulnificus and cholerae); however, V cholerae is also reported independently if it alone is detected. Norovirus genogroups I and II are detected, and astrovirus genotypes I, II, IV, and V are detected.
The VERIGENE EP test detects C jejuni, C coli, and C lari and reports them as Campylobacter group. Shigella boydii, S dysenteriae, S flexneri, and S sonnei are detected and reported as Shigella spp. V cholerae and V parahaemolyticus are detected and reported as Vibrio group. Norovirus genogroups I and II are detected.
The xTAG GPP detects C jejuni, C coli, and C lari and reports them as Campylobacter; Cryptosporidium parvum and C hominis, and reports them as Cryptosporidium; and S boydii, S dysenteriae, S flexneri, and S sonnei, and reports them as Shigella.