TABLE 10-1.
Hypersensitivity type | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
item | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
Designation | Anaphylactic | Cytotoxic | Immune complex | Delayed—cell mediated |
Time course | ||||
Initiation | Minutes | Minutes | 3–6 hours | 18–24 hours |
Persistence | Minutes | Dependent on antigen | Dependent on antigen | Weeks |
and antibody | and antibody | |||
Transfer with | IgE | IgM, IgG | IgG | T lymphocytes |
Complement required | No | Usually | Yes | No |
Histamine dependent | Yes | No | No | No |
Histology | Edema, congestion, | Cell destruction, | Necrosis, neutrophils, | Lymphocytes, |
eosinophils | phagocytosis | later plasma cells | macrophages, necrosis | |
Viral immunopathological | Minor | Minor | Major | Major in brain, lung |
effects | ?some rashes | ?some rashes | acute: fever | |
chronic: immune | ||||
complex disease |
As categorized by Gell and Coombs.