Table 2.
Recent trends in financing mix and health insurance coverage
| $US at 2000 price level | THE per capita | Financing mix Government | SHI | PHI | OOP | Health insurance coverage Urban | Rural | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinaa | ||||||||
| 1990 | 14 | 19.8% | 43.4% | 0.0% | 36.9% | 72.7% | 15.9% | 30.1%d |
| 1995 | 22 | 12.8% | 40.8% | 0.0% | 46.4% | 55.9% | 12.7% | 23.6%e |
| 2003 | 60 | 12.1% | 28.4% | 3.7% | 55.9% | 55.2% | 21.0% | 29.7%f |
| Hong Kongb | ||||||||
| 1991 | 797 | 45.6% | N/A | 11.5% | 41.6% | N/A | N/A | 28.5%g |
| 1998 | 1,130 | 53.7% | N/A | 12.8% | 32.0% | N/A | N/A | 40.2%h |
| 2004 | 1,504 | 55.7% | N/A | 12.3% | 31.0% | N/A | N/A | 39.6%i |
| Taiwanc | ||||||||
| 1994 | 472 | 14.5% | 34.7% | 3.4% | 47.4% | 55.8% | 62.5% | 57.6% |
| 1995 | 527 | 12.9% | 46.6% | 3.2% | 37.3% | N/A | N/A | N/A |
| 2005 | 954 | 5.7% | 54.8% | 11.4% | 25.0% | 98.2% | 98.0% | 98.2%j |
THE, total health expenditures; SHI, social health insurance; PHI, private health insurance; OOP, out-of-pocket payments.
Calculations based on 2004 National Health Accounts. Government expenditure includes provider subsidies, medical education, administration, and medical assistance programs. Social health insurance includes the basic medical insurance, the government insurance scheme, rural cooperative medical scheme (old and new), as well as various health expenditures by social organizations and village enterprises. Health insurance coverage based on National Health Surveys (1993, 1998, 2003).
Hong Kong's Domestic Health Accounts; all Hong Kong residents have universal access to public hospitals and clinics for a minimal copayment, where 95% total bed-days and 15–20% ambulatory episodes are provided. Data from Leung GM, et al. The ecology of health care in Hong Kong. Social Science and Medicine 61(3):577–590.
Data sources: for THE and Financing mix, based on 2005 National Health Expenditures released by Taiwan Department of Health, with estimates of private health insurance by R. Lu based on Annual Report of Life Insurance, Republic of China; for Health insurance coverage, 1994 and 2001 Health Interview Survey.
1993.
1998.
2003.
Employer-provided or privately purchased in addition to universal access to public sector care; General Household Survey Special Topics Report No.8.
Employer-provided or privately purchased in addition to universal access to public sector care; General Household Survey Special Topics Report No.24.
Employer-provided or privately purchased in addition to universal access to public sector care; Thematic Household Survey 2005.
2001 Health Interview Survey.