TABLE 1.1.
Nobel Prizes Involving Virologya
| Year | Names | Nobel citation; virus group or family |
|---|---|---|
| 1946 [Chemistry] | Wendell Stanley | Isolation, purification and crystallization of tobacco mosaic virus; Tobamovirus |
| 1951 | Max Theiler | Development of yellow fever vaccine; Flaviviridae |
| 1954 | John F. Enders, Thomas Weller, Frederick C. Robbins | Growth and cultivation of poliovirus; Picornaviridae |
| 1958 | Joshua Lederberg | Transforming bacteriophages |
| 1965 | Francois Jacob, André Lwoff, Jacques Monod | Operons; bacteriophages |
| 1966 | Francis Peyton Rous | Discovery of tumor-producing viruses; Retroviridae |
| 1969 | Max Delbrück, Alfred D. Hershey, Salvador E. Luria | Mechanism of virus infection in living cells; bacteriophages |
| 1975 | David Baltimore, Howard M. Temin, Renato Dulbecco | Discoveries concerning the interaction between tumor viruses and the genetic material of the cell; Retroviridae |
| 1976 | D. Carleton Gajdusek, Baruch S. Blumberg | New mechanisms for the origin and dissemination of infectious diseases; B with Hepadnaviridae, G with prions |
| 1978b | Daniel Nathans | Application of restriction endonucleases to the study of the genetics of SV40; Polyomaviridae |
| 1980 [Chemistry] | Paul Berg | Studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant DNA (SV40); Polyomaviridae |
| 1982 [Chemistry] | Aaron Klug | Development of crystallographic electron microscopy and structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid–protein complexes; Tobamovirus and Tymovirus |
| 1988b | George Hitchings, Gertrude Elion | Important principles of drug treatment using nucleotide analogues (acyclovir) |
| 1989 | J. Michael Bishop, Harold E. Varmus | Discovery of the cellular origin of retroviral oncogenes; Retroviridae |
| 1993 | Phillip A. Sharp, Richard J. Roberts | Discoveries of split (spliced) genes; Adenoviridae |
| 1996 | Rolf Zinkernagel, Peter Doherty | Presentation of viral epitopes by MHC |
| 1997 | Stanley Prusiner | Prions |
| 2006 | Andrew Fire, Craig Mello | Discovery of RNAi |
a
All prizes listed are in Physiology or Medicine except those three marked [Chemistry].
b
In these two instances, the prize was shared with unlisted recipients whose work did not involve viruses.