Fig. 19.10.

Vacuolated lesions in neuromyelitis optica (NMO). A vacuolated lesion in NMO is characterized by expansion of the extracellular space and shows some apoptotic nuclei (A, B, hematoxylin and eosin, arrow: apoptotic cell). The myelin is relatively well preserved with only few demyelinating macrophages (C, D, luxol fast blue (LFB); arrow: macrophage with LFB-positive degradation products; E, F, myelin basic protein; arrowhead: apoptotic cell), in contrast, astrocytes are lost (G, H, glial fibrillary acid protein). B, D, F, H: × 250.