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. 2009 May 15:290–305. doi: 10.1016/B0-72-168903-5/50017-3

TABLE 12-3.

Causes of Hyperglobulinemia in Dogs and Cats

  • Polyclonal

  • Infections
    • (L1)Bacterial* †
      • (L2)Brucellosis
      • Pyoderma
      • Bacterial endocarditis(/L2)
    • Viral
      • (L2)Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)‡
      • Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)
      • Feline leukemia virus (FeLV)(/L2)
    • Fungal* †
      • (L2)Systemic fungal infections (e.g., blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis)
      • Rickettsial† ‡(/L2)
    • Ehrlichiosis
    • Parasitic
      • (L2)Dirofilariasis* †
      • Demodicosis
      • Scabies(/L2)(/L1)
  • Immune-mediated disease
    • (L1)Infections (immune complex)
      • (L2)Dirofilariasis* †
      • Feline cholangitis/cholangiohepatitis
      • Pyometra(/L2)
    • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including glomerulonephritis, immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) and thrombocytopenia (IMT), and polyarthritis*
    • IMHA, IMT (not because of SLE)*
    • Pemphigus complex, bullous pemphigoid*
    • Rheumatoid arthritis*(/L1)

  • Neoplasia† ‡

  • Monoclonal
    • (L1)Infection
      • (L2)Ehrlichiosis† ‡
      • Leishmaniasis† ‡
      • FIP (rare)
      • Idiopathic† ‡
      • Benign monoclonal gammopathy(/L2)
    • Neoplasia† ‡
      • (L2)Multiple myeloma‡
      • Macroglobulinemia
      • Lymphosarcoma
      • Extramedullary plasmacytoma (rare)(/L2)
    • Miscellaneous
      • (L2)Cutaneous amyloidosis
      • Plasmatic gastroenterocolitis*(/L2)(/L1)

NOTE: Effect of age should be considered when assessing globulin values (see Causes of Hypoglobulinemia in text).

*

Mild (4 to 5 g/dl).

†

Moderate (5 to 6 g/dl). 3

‡

Severe (>6 g/dl).