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. 2009 Jun 5:374–418. doi: 10.1016/B978-072160561-6.50021-6

Table 18-13.

Systemic Causes of Optic Neuritis in the Dog and Cat*

CAUSES DOG CAT
Infectious diseases

  • Canine distemper virus (CDV)

  • Infectious canine hepatitis ([ICH], canine adenovirus 1 [CAV-1])

  • American hepatozoonosis (Hepatozoon americanum)

  • Blastomycosis (Blastomyces dermatitidis)

  • Coccidioidomycosis (Coccidioides immitis)

  • Toxoplasmosis (Toxoplasma gondii)

  • Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV)

  • Tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium)

  • Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans)

  • Histoplasmosis (Histoplasma capsulatum)

Cardiovascular diseases

  • Systemic hypertension

  • Hyperviscosity syndrome

  • Systemic hypertension

  • Hyperviscosity syndrome
Neoplastic diseases Intracranial neoplasia —
Other systemic causes

  • Vitamin A deficiency (experimental disease only)

  • Granulomatous meningoencephalitis (GME)

 —
*

Associated signs include papillary edema, optic nerve head congestion, hemorrhage of optic nerve vessels, and loss of vision and pupillary light reaction.