Table 3.4.
Viruses that can Induce Tumors in Domestic or Laboratory Animals or Humans
| Family/Genus | Virus | Kind of Tumor |
|---|---|---|
| DNA Viruses | ||
| Poxviridaea/Leporipoxvirus | Rabbit fibroma virus and squirrel fibroma virus | Fibromas and myxomas in rabbits and squirrels (hyperplasia rather than neoplasia) |
| Poxviridaea/Yatapoxvirus | Yaba monkey tumor virus | Histiocytoma in monkeys |
| Herpesviridae/Alphaherpesvirinae/Mardivirus | Marek’s disease virus | T cell lymphoma in fowl |
| Herpesviridae/Gammaherpesvirinae/Rhadinovirus | Ateline herpesvirus 2 and saimirine herpesvirus 2 | Nil in natural hosts, lymphomas and leukemia in certain other monkeys |
| Herpesviridae/Gammaherpesvirinae/Lymphocryptovirus | Epstein–Barr virus | Burkitt’s lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and B cell lymphomas in humans and monkeys |
| Baboon herpesvirus | Lymphoma in baboons | |
| Herpesviridae/Gammaherpesvirinae/Rhadinovirus | Cottontail rabbit herpesvirus | Lymphoma in rabbits |
| Alloherpesviridae/ranid herpesvirus | Lucké frog herpesvirus | Renal adenocarcinoma in frogs and tadpoles |
| Adenoviridae/Mastadenovirus | Many adenoviruses | Tumors in newborn rodents, no tumors in natural hosts |
| Papillomaviridae/multiple genera | Cottontail rabbit papillomavirus | Papillomas, skin cancers in rabbits |
| Bovine papillomavirus 4 | Papillomas, carcinoma of intestine, bladder | |
| Bovine papillomavirus 7 | Papillomas, carcinoma of eye | |
| Human papillomaviruses 5, 8 | Squamous cell carcinoma | |
| Human papillomaviruses 16, 18 | Genital carcinomas | |
| Polyomaviridae/Polyomavirus | Murine polyomavirus and simian virus 40 | Tumors in newborn rodents |
| Reverse Transcribing Viruses | ||
| Hepadnaviridae/Orthohepadnavirus | Human, woodchuck hepatitis viruses | Hepatocellular carcinomas in humans and woodchucks |
| Hepadnaviridae/Avihepadnavirus | Duck hepatitis virus | Hepatocellular carcinomas in ducks |
| Retroviridae/Alpharetrovirus | Avian leukosis viruses | Leukosis (lymphoma, leukemia), osteopetrosis, nephroblastoma in fowl |
| Rous sarcoma virus | Sarcoma in fowl | |
| Avian myeloblastosis virus | Myeloblastosis in fowl | |
| Retroviridae/Betaretrovirus | Mouse mammary tumor virus | Mammary carcinoma in mice |
| Mason–Pfizer monkey virus | Sarcoma and immunodeficiency disease in monkeys | |
| Ovine pulmonary adenocarcinoma virus (Jaagsiekte virus) | Pulmonary adenocarcinoma in sheep | |
| Retroviridae/Gammaretrovirus | Feline leukemia virus | Leukemia in cats |
| Feline sarcoma virus | Sarcoma in cats | |
| Murine leukemia and sarcoma viruses | Leukemia, lymphoma, and sarcoma in mice | |
| Avian reticuloendotheliosis virus | Reticuloendotheliosis in fowl | |
| Retroviridae/Deltaretrovirus | Bovine leukemia virus | Leukemia (B cell lymphoma) in cattle |
| HTLV 1 and 2 viruses and simian HTLV viruses | Adult T cell leukemia and hairy cell leukemia in humans, leukemia in monkeys | |
| RNA Viruses | ||
| Flaviviridae/Hepacivirus | Hepatitis C virus | Hepatocellular carcinoma in humans |
a
Not true oncogenic viruses. They differ from all other viruses listed in that poxviruses replicate in cytoplasm and do not affect the cellular genome.