Table 23.1.
Miscellaneous Toxic and Nutritional Conditions of Pinnipeds
| Cause | Lesions | Species Affected |
|---|---|---|
| Thiamine deficiencya | Polioencephalomalcia especially in the cerebellum | Harp and harbor seals |
| Vitamin E deficiencyb | myopathy, steatitis | California sea lion |
| Scrombroid poisoningb | Nonspecific respiratory tract congestion and edema, mucus membrane irritation | Multiple |
| Lead toxicosisc | Erythrophagocytosis and hemosiderosis in lymph nodes and liver, myocardial necrosis, cerebral, and intramyelinic edema | Harbor seal |
| Organochlorinesd, e | Claw deformities, uterine stenosis, still birth, thyroid abnormalities, skull bone lesions, adrenal hyperplasia | Gray seals, harbor seals, ringed seals |
| Oil/PAHsd | fouling of pelage, impaired thermoregulation, epidermal acanthosis and hyperkeratosis, intramyelinic edema, neuronal necrosis, axonal swelling, conjunctivitis, keratitis | Harbor seals, fur seals, ringed seals |
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