Figure 1.

The genus Saccharomyces taxonomic rearrangements. The panels show the main changes in the Saccharomyces species taxonomy within the sensu stricto group over the years. A) In 1998, 14 species were included in the ‘sensu stricto’ group (Vaughan-Martini and Martini 1998). B) In 2003, several species were reclassified and removed abolishing the group names ‘sensu stricto’ and ‘sensu lato’ (Kurtzman and Robnett 2003). Wild species previously isolated were confirmed as distinct Saccharomyces species using molecular and genetic hybridization methods, adding S. mikatae, S. kudriavzevii and S. cariocanus to the group (Naumov et al. 2000b). C) From the year 2003 to 2011 further novel species were discovered from nature and other species were reclassified (Naumov 2000a; Wang and Bai 2008; Libkind et al. 2011). D) Now, the Saccharomyces genus consists of eight species and two natural hybrids (Boynton and Greig 2014; Naseeb et al. 2017). Previous taxonomical names of the species are in parenthesis.