Table 1.

Univariable logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors associated with the seropositivity of bovine FMD in West Shewa Zone.

Risk factors	Categories	No. of cattle sampled	No. of seropositive	Seroprevalence (%)	Odds ratio	95% CI	p value
Districts	Ambo	66	19	28.8	1	—
	Bako Tibe	78	30	38.5	1.5	0.8–3.2	0.223
	Cheliya	50	28	56.0	3.2	1.5–6.8	0.004
	Abuna Ginde Beret	51	24	47.1	2.2	1.0–4.7	0.044
	Jeldu	43	13	30.2	1.1	0−2.5	0.871
	Tokekutaye	96	41	42.7	1.3	0.8–3.7	0.073
Sex	Male	175	64	36.6	1	—
	Female	209	91	43.5	1.3	0.9–2.1	0.166
Breed	Local	248	89	35.9	1	-
	Cross	136	66	48.5	1.7	1.1–2.6	0.016
Management	Extensive	316	117	37.0	1	—
	Semi-intensive and intensive	68	38	55.9	2.2	1.3–3.7	0.005
Sheep and goats in cattle herd	No	152	42	27.6	1	—
	Yes	232	113	48.7	2.4	1.6–3.9	≤0.001
Age in years	2–4	185	72	38.9	1	—
	>4	199	83	41.7	1.1	0.8–1.7	0.578
Common grazing	No	159	59	37.1	1	—
	Yes	225	96	42.7	1.3	0.8–1.9	0.274

The multivariable logistic regression model of risk factors analysis indicated that districts, breed, and animal composition in herds had a significant association with seroprevalence of FMD and hence are independent predictors (p < 0.05). Abuna Ginde Beret and Cheliya districts have a chance of 9 times more likely to have FMD seropositive when compared to the Ambo district. The prevalence of FMD was higher when cattle keeping with small ruminants, and the data had a statistically significant difference (OR: 2.1) (Table 2).