Table 3.
Factors associated with HCAIs among the study participates admitted in Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia, 2017.
| Characteristics of patients | HCAIs | Crude OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes, n (%) | No, n(%) | |||
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 14 (48.3) | 157 (43.0) | 1 | |
| Female | 15 (51.7) | 208 (57.0) | 1.24 (0.58–2.64) | |
| Age (in years) | ||||
| <18 | 10 (34.5) | 112 (30.7) | 1 | |
| >18 | 19 (65.5) | 253 (69.3) | 1.40 (0.64–3.06) | |
| Admission ward | ||||
| Medical | 5 (17.2) | 97 (26.6) | 1 | 1 |
| Obs/Gyn | 6 (20.7) | 97 (26.6) | 0.83 (0.25–2.82) | 3.49 (0.80–15.19) |
| Pediatric | 7 (24.1) | 83 (22.7) | 0.54 (0.17–1.69) | 2.04 (0.46–9.01) |
| Surgical | 11 (37.9) | 88 (24.1) | 0.45 (0.15–1.38)∗ | 1.30 (0.18–9.31) |
| History of smoking cigarettes (n = 272) | ||||
| No | 7 (24.1) | 212 (83.5) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 11 (61.1) | 42 (16.5) | 7.93 (2.91–21.64)∗ | 5.18 (2.15–20.47)∗∗ |
| History of previous admission | ||||
| No | 21 (72.4) | 319 (87.4) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 8 (27.6) | 46 (12.6) | 2.64 (1.11–6.31)∗ | 5.04 (0.72–35.17) |
| Length of hospital stay (in days) | ||||
| <4 | 20 (69.0) | 135 (37.0) | 1 | 1 |
| >4 | 9 (31.0) | 230 (93.2) | 3.79 (1.68–8.55)∗ | 4.29 (2.31–6.15)∗∗ |
| Comorbid conditions | ||||
| No | 22 (75.9) | 326 (89.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 7 (24.1) | 39 (10.7) | 2.66 (1.07–6.63)∗ | 3.33 (0.13–32.93) |
| Presence of antiseptic for hand rubbing | ||||
| Yes | 10 (34.5) | 95 (26.0) | 1 | |
| No | 19 (65.5) | 270 (74.0) | 1.50 (0.67–3.33) | |
| Invasive medical procedures | ||||
| No | 12 (41.4) | 253 (69.3) | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 17 (58.6) | 112 (80.2) | 2.42 (1.13–5.18)∗ | 3.58 (1.11–7.52)∗∗ |
| Mechanical ventilation | ||||
| Yes | 8 (27.6) | 108 (29.6) | 1 | |
| No | 21 (72.4) | 257 (70.4) | 0.91 (0.39–2.11) | |
| Presence of hand washing material in wards | ||||
| Yes | 9 (31.0) | 107 (29.3) | 1 | |
| No | 20 (69.0) | 258 (70.7) | 1.09 (0.48–2.46) | |
| Presence of medical waste containers in wards | ||||
| Yes | 19 (65.5) | 223 (61.1) | 1 | |
| No | 10 (34.5) | 142 (38.9) | 1.21 (0.55–2.68) | |
OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval; Obs/Gyn: obstetrics/gynecology; p value ≤ 0.25∗; p value < 0.05∗∗.