Table 2.

Summary of effects of selected mycotoxins on tight junction gene and protein expression.

Mycotoxins	IEC model	Exposure Duration	Exposure Concentration	Effects of Selected Mycotoxins on Gene and Protein Expression of TJs		References
				Gene Expression	Protein Expression
DON	Caco-2	24 h	0, 1.39, 4.17, 12.5 μM	Increase in CLDN1, CLDN3, CLDN4, OCLN, ZO-1	Decrease in CLDN1, CLDN3, CLDN4	[152]
	Caco-2	24 h	0, 0.17, 1.7, 17 μM	Increase in CLDN4, OCLN	Decrease in CLDN4	[183]
	Caco-2	48 h	0, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 μM	N/A	Decrease in CLDN4	[184]
	IPEC-1	48 h	0, 5, 10, 20, 50 μM	N/A	Decrease CLDN3, CLDN4	[184]
	IPEC-1	48 h	0.67, 6.7 μM	N/A	Decrease in ZO-1	[143]
	IPEC-J2	48 h	0.67, 6.7 μM	N/A	Decrease in ZO-1	[143]
	IPEC-J2	12 h	0, 4 μM	Decrease in CLDN3; increase CLDN4, OCLN, ZO-1	Decrease CLDN3, CLDN4	[189]
AFB1	Caco-2	7 days	0, 1,3, 10, 30 μM	Decrease in CLDN3, OCLN	N/A	[166]
OTA	Caco-2	24 h	0, 100 μM	N/A	Decrease in CLDN3 and CLDN4	[185]
	Caco-2	24 h	0, 100 μM	N/A	Decrease in CLDN3 and CLDN4	[192]
	Caco-2	7 days	1, 3, 10, 30 μM	Decrease in CLDN3, CLDN4 and OCLN	N/A	[166]